saptāsyās āsās, divi, deve, eko, vāyur, viśvato, vṛkṣaḥ, ādityo, eko

saptāsyās (seven) āsās (breaths) divi (in the sky) deve (of the gods) eko (one), vāyur (air) viśvato (on all sides) vṛkṣaḥ (tree) ādityo (sun) eko (one)

Advaita Vedānta (Ādi Śaṅkarācārya): This verse points to the non-duality of existence, where the seven breaths within the body and the one breath in the sky are ultimately one. Shankara's commentary on the Praśnopaniṣad highlights the unity of the individual self (ātman) and the ultimate reality (Brahman). He notes that the verse uses the word 'eko' (one) to emphasize the singularity of reality, dispelling the notion of multiplicity. The comparison of the breath to a tree and the sun signifies the all-pervading nature of Brahman, which is the essence of both the individual and the universe. This verse, therefore, underscores the Advaita doctrine of brahman-ātman identity, where the individual self is ultimately one with the universal self. Through this understanding, the seeker realizes the true nature of reality, transcending worldly distinctions and attainings liberation.

Vaiṣṇava tradition (Rāmānujācārya / Madhvācārya): In the Vaiṣṇava tradition, this verse is seen as an expression of the intimate relationship between the individual soul (jīva) and the Supreme Lord (Īśvara). Rāmānujācārya, in his commentary on the Brahmasūtra, emphasizes the concept of 'aprthak-siddhi', which denotes the inseparable yet distinct relationship between the individual self and the ultimate reality. The seven breaths and the one breath in the sky represent the diverse manifestations of the divine, while the tree and the sun symbolize the omnipresence and omnipotence of Īśvara. The verse 'eko' signifies the unity of purpose and essence between the jīva and Īśvara, highlighting the devotional path where the individual soul strives to realize its inherent connection with the divine. This understanding fosters a deep sense of dependence and love for the Supreme Lord, leading the devotee towards self-surrender and liberation.

Neo-Vedānta (Swami Vivekānanda / S. Rādhākrishnan): Swami Vivekānanda, in his lectures on the Upaniṣads, interprets this verse as a call to recognize the universal and eternal principles that govern human existence. The seven breaths and the one breath in the sky represent the harmonious interplay between the individual and the cosmos, while the tree and the sun signify the interconnectedness of all living beings. Vivekānanda emphasizes the practical application of this verse, urging individuals to transcend their limited perspectives and realize their inherent oneness with the universe. This realization, he believes, can lead to a more compassionate, tolerant, and enlightened society. Similarly, S. Rādhākrishnan, in his writings on Indian philosophy, highlights the relevance of this verse in contemporary life, where the pursuit of unity and harmony can help mitigate the conflicts and divisions that plague modern society. By embracing the timeless wisdom of this verse, individuals can cultivate a deeper sense of purpose, responsibility, and global citizenship.

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