Sanskrit Corpus

Dharmakṣetre Kurukṣetre yuddhasthuyadvai dhṛtaḥ ।

“The Kurukṣetra, the field of dharma, was the chosen battleground.”

dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre yuyutsava iti sthite

“When the duty-field and battle-field, Kurukṣetra, where one wants to fight, is situated.”

dhṛtarāṣṭrostu mahatā diṣṭyā proktavānniśi ।

“But Dhritarashtra, inspite of (his) inclination, did not speak in the night.”

athaṣṭādaśa bhuvaneṣu ca yā manye 'rjunapitṛn

“And I consider them to be the ancestors in the eighteen worlds.”

dhṛtarāṣṭras tu mahatā dṛupadena saha yudhyamāno mahārathaiḥ .

“King Dhritarashtra, however, was engaged in a great battle with Drupada, surrounded by great warriors.”

athā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ prāha hṛṣṭikaḥ pārśvataḥ rājānabhigamya vācaspatiṃ.

“Then Yudhiṣṭhira, with pleasure, spoke to Drona, standing by his side and addressed him.”

dhṛtarāṣṭrasya nandanaḥ yuyutsur ena saṅgame

“The son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Yuyutsu, wanted to fight in the battle.”

athayogaśvaraḥ śrīkṛṣṇo rāgavivardhanaḥ | udairavindatatimi yayau tato madhyamaṁ padam !!

“Then, Lord Krishna, the Master of Yoga and increaser of passion, left the lower station and ascended to the middle one.”

dṛtarāṣṭrasya nandano rājā janayatīśvarāt / purāṃ draupadī putrāṇāṃ aśvatthāmā iva vṛṣṇi

“The King, son of Dhrtarastra, on his own, was producing (sons) like Asvatthama, the Vrsni, earlier for Draupadi.”

dhanurādāya vīraḥ niṣīkvān samupāgamāt

“Taking up his bow, the hero drew on the string and released an arrow.”

dhanurādāya mṛdhanyaḥ śatasahasrasahasrāṇām

“Taking up his bow, the great warrior, ready to fight, stood against the multitude of a thousand soldiers.”

dhanurādāya vīraḥ prahṛṣyāmāsa vijayyatām.

“Taking up his bow, the hero (Arjuna) rejoiced, looking forward to victory.”

yuddhāya samupasthite dharmakṣetre cāgatam, yadṛcchayā cāpāgamādrathān gajānyuyutsumaḥ.

“When the battle is about to commence, and having arrived at the field of duty, I have come here by chance to see the sons of my grandfather, who are ready to fight.”

dhanurādāya vīraḥ prahṛtyaśvān sagaṇaḥ pravartayat

“Taking up his bow, the hero, accompanied by his attendants, released his horses.”

kaustubhaṁ vṛṣṇīnāṁ deva-rāto dhanur-ādāya vīraḥ prahṛty-asurān tvad-arthe

“The divine being, Devarata, took up the Kaustubha gem, a precious gem of the Vrishnis, and, wielding his bow for your sake, slew the asuras.”

śrutvā sainyaṁ samagraṁ māyāmṛtasya yuyutsataḥ

“Having heard the complete army of the one who was desirous of victory in the battle, who was bound by the illusory (māyā) to the mortal (mṛta) realm”

śrutvā sa tu pravṛtto yuyutsuḥ viśvato mukham

“Having heard this, he (Arjuna) turned to face his enemies on all sides, intent on fighting.”

Dhanañjayo 'bhirāmo Drupado Draupadeyāstathā । Sutān iva sarvān pśyan mām atha yuyutsavaḥ .

“Dhananjaya, Arjuna, looked at his sons, as well as at Drupada and the sons of Draupadi, and then at Me, with a desire to fight.”

Dhṛtarāṣṭrastu mahatā Vindhyavīthī Mṛcīnāṃ patiḥ.

“King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, whose fame was great, ruled over the kings on the Vindhya mountain range.”

Drupadasya ca putreṇa Daurpadyeyaḥ Pāṇḍavāḥ.

“The Pāṇḍavas born from Draupadī are called Daurpadyeyaḥ.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ śvetapuṅkān mahate bahūni divyāyudhāni dīdṛśyata.

“Then from the white and shining ranks of the sons of Pandu, many divine weapons shone forth.”

na tvevāhaṁ pāpaṁ pravartayāma āsurīm imām । vyāmoḥāyaiva sarvabhūtānāṁ pravṛttim

“But I did not originate this (asuric) tendency for the confusion of beings.”

yaccaiṣa tena rājñā dṛṣṭumabhyāgato ranaṃ

“And this army has come to see the battle”

athaṣṭādaśabhiryuktān dṛṣṭvā yuddhāya samupāgam

“Then having seen the eighteen divisions of the army, he approached the battle.”

Arjuna uvāca.

“Arjuna said.”

dhṛtarāṣṭras tu mahatā yayau rājā sagotro pravṛttaḥ

“King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, however, set out driven by a great longing, with his kinsmen.”

adhirohanati mithaḥ paśyan vyastam atha paśyan

“They mount their chariots, look at each other and then look around”

Dhanurd diśaḥ sacivayo rathaṁ cādṛṣado jagāma । Yat-samṛddvirivedhyo, na tat rathaṁ ca rathāḥ

“The bows, arrows, and chariots of the soldiers, along with their charioteers, were all scattered in every direction.”

Dhanurdiśaḥ śaśigirivarām udaiḥ ॥ 29 ॥

“The bow of Shini (Shiva) seemed to blaze like the sun on the mountain-peak.”

athā ced tvam imaṁ yuddhaṁ na kariṣyasi.

“If however you will not fight this battle.”

yadṛcchayā ca upāgamād athavā punarjanmanā | prāptau tvayi ca me matis tathaiva na nibadhyate || 31 ||

“Whether I come to You by chance or by rebirth, my mind, having attained You, does not bind to anything else.”

yat syād idānīm ity evaṁ iṣṭa-vādinaḥ

“The pleasant speakers say that it will happen now.”

yat-kṣetraṁ yat-samṛddhiṁ ca prāptum iccha si tad-grahīṭum । agraiḥ prasaṅgair-mahārāja kuru caiva enam uttaram ॥ 33 ॥

“Whatever field and prosperity you wish to obtain, take it now, and then resolve to do even greater deeds.”

dhṛtarāṣṭrasya nandanaḥ . saḥ suptaḥ tvṛṣṇayā raṇe .

“The son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, (Duryodhana), having lain in wait in the battle, is asleep (passionately awaiting the fight), overcome by greed.”

atho cet tvam imaṁ lokaṁ yuddhāya samupāgami

“And if you have come to this world for the sake of battle”

kim idaṁ prāṇahanti kim idaṁ pravadāmi vṛthā ।

“Does this (act of fighting) kill (my kinsmen), or am I (unnecessarily) speaking (in this manner)?”

tataḥ śaṅkhāśca bheryaśca nādayāmāsa hṛṣṭavaḥ

“Then, the conches and kettledrums resounded with joy.”

sañjaya uvāca .

“Sanjaya said.”

yadṛcchayā ca upayiṣyanti te rājānaḥ tva-yi sva-dhāmanaḥ

“And kings will come to you spontaneously in your own kingdom.”

yat-kṣetraṁ mayi dṛṣṭaṁ divyena tvayā darśitam.

“The divine field which has been shown to me by you.”

yadi hyahaṃ na vindeyaṃ śatrūn pretyuddhāya śastrapāṇyāḥ.

“If I were not to fight with the enemy warriors who have taken up arms.”

atha mohād raṇe na ca vikāraḥ kṛtaḥ svena svena tad-apākaroiti || 42 ||

“But due to delusion, he does not act properly in the battle and thus commits a great sin.”

yat-kṣetraṁ mayi paśyasi divyaṁ savra-jagataḥ । tad-yat-prāpya mama lābho jīvāmṛtāt ॥

“The divine field which you see in Me, pervading the entire universe, that is the gain by which I gain life imperishable.”

atha mohād andhasaḥ pravṛtto lokān hantum icchāmi tad eva me rocate.

“Now, out of foolishness and ignorance, I wish to kill these people, and that very thought pleases me.”

Atha śvetāśvatara vedāham putrān yudhyamānān.

“Now I see my sons, who are fighting.”

yadṛcchayā ca upāgamād athavā punyā devatānām upāgamāt

“Or by chance, or by the approach of the gods, with a view to grace.”

atha mohāya mamāyāṁ māyayāptaḥ prapannaḥ.

“Now, overcome by this māyā (delusion), I have fallen a prey to it.”

kathaṁ nu mahatāṁ brahman puṇyaṁ pravṛttaṁ ca dehinām .

“How, O Brahman, has righteousness (or the virtuous path) begun for embodied beings of great (spiritual) stature.”

kavir vidvān mṛtyudṛṣṭum

“The wise poet, having seen death”

na tvevāhaṁ jātū mṛṣṭo'smi nāvaśiṣye raṇe.

“I do not wish to kill them, even though they may kill me.”

athacet svayamevādhītya rājasann svatanaū bhavet.

“And if, having studied, he himself were to attain enlightenment.”

klaivaṁ nāviḡamiṣyāmi nāhaṁ prāpsyāmi mamatim

“I will not be able to attain my resolve if overcome with miserly weakness.”

na cedevaṃ asti mokṣo na sadṛśī tārhi kasyasāḥ || 6 ||

“If there is no result for a Kshatriya warrior, then for what purpose should he engage in this bloody and unpleasant war.”

kim asya mahato janmas taṣyayi paroṣeṇa vāktavyaṁ śreyo mayoktaṁ jīvitātmanavat .

“How should one say the best thing to him about the great birth of this; directly or indirectly while still alive.”

kimidaṁ prāṇaharaṇaṁ vākyaṁ tvayyekāgreṇa manasā .

“What is this life-taking statement of yours, made with your mind being fully absorbed?”

rājā caitra-ganaṁ dṛṣṭvā yuddhāya samupāgamāt.

“Having seen the array of the Cedi forces, the king came up to the battlefield.”

śrutvā senāṃ vyavasthitāṃ dṛṣṭvā ca yuyutsum paryajigāmaṛṣīḥ । arjunaḥ ।

“Having listened and surveyed the ready and eager armies, Arjuna spoke.”

śrutvā senāṃ havai-vam

“Having heard the army to be thus.”

na tvevāhaṁ jāto na tvam nāyaṁ rājarṣayaḥ | nacaivāyam āgato nāgatam |

“Neither I, nor you, nor these kings have come into existence, nor have we not existed; nor is this a coming into existence, nor a non-existence.”

yadyad-rūpeṇa rāktēṇa varṣatē svāhāyā rudrād-rudram

“Whatever form it assumes, Rudra rains it on the world through Svāhā.”

mām upetya eva na śocati na hi dehāntaraprāptau .

“Having attained Me, he does not grieve, for the body does not change.”

yasya nāhaṁ rte nāsti kaścid api sa jīvati.

“For whom there is nothing existing except Me, that is, apart from Me, he lives.”

nāśastu na hi nāśasya nityatvaṁ nāśinaḥ .

“There is no destruction for the eternal; the eternal is not destroyed.”

kṣetrajñena tathā kṣetraṁ kṣetraṁ jānata vibhedataḥ.

“Thus, one who knows the field and the knower of the field, can know them distinctly.”

nāśaḥ teṣāṁ na cāgamo nāsti yat-sattvenā śarīre 'sad-grahāḥ

“There is no destruction for them; nor is there any coming into being for the unreal; nor is there any support for the existence of the unreal in the body.”

na hi dehād-vibhūtasya nandir asti na rāgaḥ

“For one who has transcended the body, there is neither a rejoicing nor an attachment.”

na hi dehād bhūtān kaścid api paripālayati

“For no one, whatsoever, maintains any living being by his physical body.”

na tv evāhaṁ jātu mṛṣyāmi nityaṁ tv iṣṭhito 'smi rakṣaṇe

“I do not indeed ever cease to exist, being eternally situated in protection.”

kṣetrajñasya ca yo māyāṃ praviśya sañcarati . eṣa tad vai mahābhūtaṃ na ca tasya pariśramaḥ ||

“That which enters the field and moves about, knowing the field, is indeed the great elements; and the effort of that is not.”

na cainaṃ kledayaty eṣa tūṣṇīṃtavyā manaḥ śamaḥ

“The mind should be pacified so that it does not disturb him.”

na tv-evāhaṁ jātu mṛṣṇāse nityaḥ hy-evāhaṁ nityasāraḥ

“I do not indeed ever cease to exist, being eternal and imperishable.”

na tu eva aham sṛjyate lokeṣu vedāntair uditaḥ . na hi tvam na tvam mama dehādīm

“The speaker 'I' does not originate in the worlds as proclaimed by the Vedanta; indeed you, not you, are not my body etc.”

na tv-evāhaṁ jātu māsīṁ nāsaṁ nāpi saṅ jigyāmi

“I was never not-existent, I am not non-existent now, nor will I ever cease to exist.”

nāyaṁ hi kaścit kālenamṛyate vā

“For no one is ever born, nor dies”

na tv evāhaṁ jātu nāśyāmi nityaḥ hy asanāśyo 'yaṁ tasyaiva brahmasāhasrāṁ yajustvayā gatam ॥ २८ ॥

“I do not arise nor do I ever perish; having gone, this (soul) does not cease to exist; it is unborn, eternal, imperishable and ancient.”

na tvevāhaṁ jātumumoḍṣurvaśyo'smi yadāhurvaḥ

“But I am not inclined to attain liberation, for I am bound by your words.”

kṣetrajñena mahatā yena sarvam idaṃ prakīrtitam | kṣetraṃ kṣetrī ca tad-vidvān nāyaṃ śarīraṃ nāyaṃ ātmā .

“The field, the knower of the field, and the knowledge - Learn that the field and the knower are not the body and the self.”

yadṛcchayā ca upagamya svayuddhaāya samupasthitam, rāṣṭraṁ bhakṣayiṣyāmi tvam.

“Come, let us join the battle which has approached of its own accord; I will consume the kingdom.”

sukhadaṃ vṛndāvanaṃ paśupati-sthalīm

“The place where Lord Śiva resides, which is delightful and specifically vṛndāvana, ”

yadi tvahaṁ śastreṇaivam

“If I were to kill them with a weapon”

sva-janaṁ hi kathaṁ soḍhum asi duṣṭa-saṅgāt || 34 ||

“How can we bear the ill effects of bad company even to our own kinsmen?”

kim akrūraḥ paraṁ prāha mṛḍunā vacasā ॥ 35 ॥

“What gentle words did Akrūra speak to him?”

svalpam apy asya mahatāṃ brahmasāstrasya vedataḥ.

“Even a little knowledge of this great science of Brahman, if one knows it, is sufficient.”

Tasminneva yuddhe hi pravṛtto vadhīṣyasi vadhūn || 37 ||

“For, having entered even that very battle, you will surely kill those who are to be killed.”

sukhaduḥkhe same kṛtvā lābhalābhou jayājayo

“Having made pleasure and pain, profit and loss, victory and defeat equal.”

yena sarvān ariṇ nīhatya, tvaṁ śokān ca vihāyasi.

“By whom having killed all enemies, you will get rid of all sorrows.”

na hi prapatsye mama vṛṇīṣva yad vācaḥ

“For I shall not attain, you choose my words.”

yat syāt pramāṇeṇa tena sarvatra vijayate . śūnye ca vinded atha vāyau .

“By that (Yoga) one conquers everywhere; verily one finds It in the void or in the wind.”

kāma eṣa krodhaś ca nāhaṁ kaścid api eva

“This is lust and this is anger; I do not have any of these.”

kṣetrajñena mahatā yena sarvam idaṁ tatam prāptaś cāpi eṣa tattvaṁ vaktum arhasi mādhava

“The one who knows the field, the great knower, by whom this entire field is pervaded, and having obtained whom you have gained the fundamental reality, speak to me, O Mādhava.”

praśāsitāni devaiṣtānī yāni kṣetrāṇi tāni ha

“These fields are controlled by the gods.”

Kāma eṣa krodhaś ca nāśayati | Ayuktaśya sarvān indriyāṇi saṁyataḥ |

“This desire and anger destroy the well-regulated senses of an unregulated person.”

yadyad-vidhināśnīyāt prāṇān jīvavaty ajāvavat tad eva tat-tad-bhūteṣu paribrahma vedāntiṇaḥ ॥ ४६ ॥

“As the wise and the ignorant, having the same life force, breathe in similarly, similarly one who has realized Brahman, sees That alone in all beings.”

karmaṇyakarma yaḥ paśyedakarmaṇi ca karma yaḥ . sa buddhimānmanuṣyaḥ sa yukṣyate yattayā.

“He is intelligent among men who sees inaction in action and action in inaction.”

siddhy-asiddhyor upi nāsti cintayā

“There is no concern even if success or failure occurs.”

sā yame 'me matir astā yathā evam̐ grhīta mayā | aprāmeẙaś ca matir niyamitum

“This is my considered opinion; now you must decide as to how this ambiguous matter can be settled.”

sthira-buddhir ihā proktā puruṣaḥ saḥ pārśvataḥ.

“The one whose intellect is steady, as I have just described, is qualified to attain liberation.”

samatvaṃ yoga ucyate.

“Equanimity is called yoga.”

mayi santuṣṭaḥ śuciḥ brahmasaṃcitaiḥ

“Being satisfied in Me, and purified by accumulated knowledge of Brahman”

sthīrāṁ prāptvā yad-vṛttim

“Having obtained which stable state of mind”

śrutvā senāṃ paryagato rathaṃ niṣṭhitān rathinaḥ । brahma-śiro-nipātāt savye hatāsvinam

“Having heard that, Arjuna went around the army and saw the warriors stationed on the chariots; with a divine missile he then struck the charioteer on the left.”

śrutvā danti-saṅkhyāyāṃ paramaḥ puruṣaḥ paryadiśad-vācaḥ satyaṃ brahma param

“Having heard, the Supreme Person, the greatest, spoke these true and supreme words.”

yasmādṛte nāsti śokastv apratītas tvāyuṣaḥ । sa nityam eva kīrtayennāsty aśo nirāyuṣaḥ ॥

“From which, if not obtained, there is no sorrow and which does not cease to exist even when the life (of the person) ceases, that fame one should always praise.”

yasyānnena vṛddhiḥ bhūtāni tāni tasyaiva vedāhaṃ yadannenā jīvanti.

“I know that the creatures which are born, subsist and grow do so only on food.”

yasyaṃ hyevaṃ brahma jagato yatprabhavaḥ | tāṃ vande brahmaparamāṃ yathāvadabrahmavid ||

“I bow to That Supreme Brahman, from which the universe originates, as known by the knowers of Brahman.”

yāni civa kuruTe punyāni tāni tasya manīṣiṇaḥ / paśyanti paśyanti hi iha devās tad tvāṃśca paśyāśva

“The wise man sees truly that whatever actions are done as virtuous, are witnessed by the gods here and you should see them too.”

na hi kalyāṇa-kṛtor asti kada cid api nāsti muktiḥ sthūlād bhavet

“For one who has undertaken a welfare-creating endeavor, there is never a release even if one does not attain liberation from the gross body.”

sa taṁ yogāya yu jyasva yogārūḍho hy asaṅgraham.

“One should strive to attain yoga, for a yogī is not attached.”

tasya praṇaḥ śarīrasthena yannirjāyeta na kada cana । nainam praṇo 'muṣyaiva noccāṭayet | 62 |

“His life force does not depart from the body of one who has controlled the mind; nor does it depart, having been driven out.”

tasmād yudhyasva mṛḍyasva

“Therefore, fight; conquer”

na hi kalpayaśe yadi buddhiryasya dehe 'bhimānanaḥ . gṛhītvā mama dehāt tvam ekatvena vinodayaḥ

“If you do not think that I, who have an identification with the body, exist after the body is taken, then you do not perceive Me as One.”

tataḥ sa dṛṣṭvā tad-veśma tattyajat.

“Then, having seen that house, he abandoned it.”

na hi prapatsyāmi mama vrajato'sti śaṅkā mayi .

“For I do not see any doubt in My path as I move.”

kṣipraṁ pravaruddhaḥ tvayā nadyāḥ tvāṁ niṣicya gurutiprasādāt.

“Having been checked by you quickly like a river, having poured down heavily by the grace of your greatness.”

yasya nāhaṁ rte nāsti kiñcid-api ca paśya­taḥ.

“He for whom there is nothing, even in his perception, without Me.”

yat syāt tato manaḥ prāpyataḥ pravṛttiḥ

“From that (object) which would result (if attained), the mind attains a particular determination.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇād api pratīyāti

“For not even for a moment does anyone remain without producing another.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api cāvaśiṣyate

“For not even for a moment does anyone remain without being absorbed”

na hi prapadyeta raṇam

“One should not take to fight.”

śrutvā saṁhāram ātmānaḥ

“Having heard about the destruction of his own”

kimidaṁ yuddhaṁ hetvā mayi sañjaya

“Why this war having been caused, on my side, O Sañjaya?”

na tv evāhaṁ jātū māmūtseyaṁ na kadācid api

“Nor indeed do I ever wish to be born.”

athaiivaṃ sañjātasya asya sandehe tvayi vedin

“Now, thus, having arisen, you are in doubt about this; therefore, I shall dispel your doubt.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api prajāpatiḥ vinā yataḥ prajāḥ sarjate

“For not even for a moment can Prajapati remain without creating”

na tv-evāhaṁ jātu mumukṣur vidyāṁ vṛṇīmahе.

“But I do not indeed desire knowledge; for I am a seeker of liberation.”

na tv eva ahaṃ jātu māyā-stṛṣṭum ahaṃ prabhavām

“I do not create (the world) by Maya.”

na tv evāhaṁ jātu mamatvaṁ ca paśyataḥ .

“But I do not see anything, ever, like this possessiveness.”

evam idānīṃ tvam mām upadiśya pārthivaḥ . śrutvā caivāva gamyāswa na hi naḥ śreyo aviduḥ .

“Thus, O King, now you must impart your knowledge to Me; having heard and understood it, we will not fare well if we are ignorant.”

evam idānīṃ tvāṃ mām evāvaśiṣyāṇāṃ sarvaśaḥ

“Thus now you, of all my remaining dependents, be my refuge.”

yad karoṣi yad apoṣi yad juhōṣi dadāti । yac tyajasi pratiśrutvā ।

“Whatever you do, whatever you eat, whatever you offer in sacrifice, whatever you give, and whatever you renounce,”

yadi rātrouḥ pravṛtto yadi ca divi yadi ca .

“Whether at night or during the day or whether in the sky.”

yat yat karote pāpaṃ naśyati tat-kadācid-api । nāyaṃ loko 'sti yasya kṛtaṃ pāpaṃ naśyati ॥

“Whatever sin a doer does, it perishes only after some time; there is no place where the effects of sins done are completely destroyed.”

yatkarmanyastu dharmasya kāmāt tacc syātkarmane

“Whatever action is performed for the sake of Dharma out of desire, that one should do.”

lobhād jayante katīva sṛṣṭāḥ paśya me brahmaṇaḥ sṛjataam . vāyur varṣaṁ yajño janma yataḥ pṛthivyā rasa accha .

“Behold, how many beings are created from greed, O Brahman, originating from the creation of Me; and also see how the wind, rain, and yajña are produced from the earth and its juices.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api prajāyate svāgṛhoṭram

“For, verily, no one can remain even for a moment without producing karma corresponding to his own gṛhaḥ (abode, i.e., the conditioned state of existence).”

naiva tasya kṛtam kāryaṃ nakṛtam na bhaviṣyati । evam uktaḥ tathāhi svadharmo vedair nibaddhaḥ ॥

“For one such as him, there is neither work done, nor work left undone; thus having spoken, his own inherent duty, as bound by the Vedas, is thus.”

na hi dehābhibhāvāya mama deho na hi asti mama

“For the body does not produce the bodily consciousness, nor does the body exist for me.”

evam evidaṁ utthāya jagāma śatadhṛtā purā | nandate ca vṛṇate ca na atrāste gatāgataṁ

“Thus, having risen early, he goes, having taken a hundred (bows) in the morning; he does not rejoice nor does he choose, there is no coming and going for him.”

na me pārthāsti kartavye yadyahaṁ na hi karomi

“For me, there is nothing to be done, O Pārtha, if I do not act.”

yat karoti mahābāho rāgeṇa mahato janaḥ. tat eva karoty eṣa tvadīyaṁ śreṣṭha niṣṭhayā.

“The actions done by great men, influenced by their inherent nature, are done by You in the same way, being the best, with steadfastness.”

na me pārthasthāṁ pṛthivyāṁ vā rājyaṁ gopāvasādanaṁ . na ca rājyena kīrtiṁ iccha .

“I do not desire kingdom on earth, nor do I desire the lordship over the cowherds, nor do I desire fame through kingdoms.”

na hi deha-bhedena svatantrāḥ śakyāvigrahāḥ

“For indeed, bodies being different, the embodied selves are not independent.”

na me pārthāsti kartavyaṁ triṣu lokeṣu kiñcana। nānāpātāvidyataḥ sādhu tvād icchāmi vediṇaḥ ॥ 24 ॥

“I have no work to do in all the three worlds, O son of Prthā, nor is there anything unattained by Me; yet I engage in action desiring to instruct you about the right path.”

tatsvadharmaṇa labdhena kartum

“By that which is obtained by one's own duty”

karmaṇaḥ sukarmṇāsinca paramaste mate |karmaṇo'ntargataṃ śarīrayātrā pravartate ||

“In your opinion, the performance of good actions and actions themselves are the highest; by actions, the bodily journey is sustained.”

na tvevāhaṁ jātum mamedāṁ vṛṇe । na ca dehādṛśyate śarīrī ṁ

“The embodied soul does not take birth nor die, nor does it actually exist, nor does it have any relation with the body.”

sarbakarmāṇi manasā saṃnyāsyāste sukhaṃ vaśe || 28 ||

“Having mentally renounced all actions, he remains under his control, in happiness.”

yasya nāhaṁ ṛtunāthasya yogakṣemaṁ vahāmyahaṁ ।

“For that person, of whom I, the Lord of seasons, do not take care of their yogakṣema (acquisition and preservation).”

na tvevāhaṁ jātu mumuṣurvasī tvayi । sadā tvad-īkṣate'mam akṣair akṣiṇaḥ ॥

“Never, indeed, do I feel a desire to not see you; with eyes that are always engaged in seeing you.”

yena sarvān ari nāśayaty eṣa tu sarvasya śreṣṭhitaḥ

“By whom all enemies are destroyed, He alone is the best of all.”

na tvevāhaṃ jātū nāsti kasya cit; na ca sarva-prabhavo veda na kaś cit.

“No one ever was born, nor does anyone know everything.”

sarbhabhūtāni tam eva sṛjantaḥ sṛṣṭvā ātmānaṁ yajate tam eva

“The creator creates all beings and, having created them, offers the very Self to That (the unchanging Reality) alone.”

kṣetra-jñaṁ cāpi māṁ viddhi sarva-kṣetreṣu bhārata. kṣetraṁ kṣetrī ca tat-jñeyaṁ ātmaā tūātmanā vinā.

“You should know that I, the knower of the field, exist in all fields, O Bharata; the field, the knower, and the Self, who is other than them.”

śreyo mithyātmasamarthito 'stu naḥ . 35 .

“Let the false ego which supports us be for our good.”

kim idaṁ pravṛṇīma i doṣeṇedam api sarvasām

“Why do I choose this sin, which causes harm to all beings?”

kṣetrajñena mahate vakṣyāmi guhyam sanātanam | yena vijānāti mama sṛṣṭaṁ mahad-brahma ||

“I shall now speak to you the ancient secret, by which, having known, you shall understand My creation, the Great Unmanifest.”

yad karoṣi yac cāpaśi yac juhōṣi dadāsi ca । yac tat kuru pāpaṁ kas tvayā hy anupradiśyate ॥

“Whatever you do, and whatever you do not do, whatever you offer in sacrifice, and whatever you give away, whatever you do as a penance, that you do under My direction.”

yasya nāhaṁ r te nāsti kiñcid api ca paśyati . idam iti tasyaitad asti nāsty asya kada cana ॥

“For one who sees nothing as existing separate from Me, that is to say, who sees that there is nothing besides Me, for him this (separation) exists not, nor does it exist at any time.”

yac cāpy utthāya yudhyāyaḥ sva-tantryeṇa cārthinā । abhyutthāya yipya si rāma .

“And if you rise up, O Arjuna, to fight by your own free will, then you will be guilty of slaying them.”

mokṣasañjīvanī sāmathryaṃ śarīrasyāvisampadam

“The imperishable yogic power that brings about liberation, which resides in the body”

tasmād asaktaḥ śarīrastho yatnatāṃ yatanīyataām

“Therefore, not attached, one should strive to control the mind.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api prajāmatyevānīśam । asti evāgrahaṇān nāśo yadṛcchayā .

“For no one can remain even for a moment without producing another living being; such is the irresistible force of nature.”

Śrībhagavān uvāca.

“The Blessed Lord said.”

evam paramparāprāptam rājarṣayoḥ param guru

“Thus, the supreme guru, obtained through succession, imparted it to the royal sages.”

athaivaṁ samastaṁ ahaṁ yajñena sṛjita-vān ।

“Thus I created the whole by means of sacrifice.”

prahlādenācyuteścaiva kṛtaṁ sma sumahatvibhūt. tad idaṁ tṛtīyaṁ me gītā-śrīmad-udāhṛtam.

“This third divine song was spoken by Prahlada and Acyuta, and it indeed manifested as a very great splendor.”

aparaṃ cedam asthitvaṃ indriyāṇāṃ jagato 'sya

“This imperishable existence of the sensory organs of this world”

yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānirbhavati bhārata / abhyutthānamadharmasya tadātmānaṁ sṛjāmyaham

“Whenever, O descendant of Bharata, the decline of Dharma occurs and the uprising of Adharma takes place, I create myself.”

yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānir bhavati Bhārata / abhyutthānam adharmasya tadātmānaṁ sṛjāmy aham

“Whenever there is a decline of dharma, O Bharata, and there is an uprising of adharma, then I create myself.”

paritrāṇāya sajjānānāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām / dharmasaṃsthāpānārthāya yuge 'sminn āvirbhāvāmi || 8 ||

“I manifest in every age to protect the righteous, to destroy evil deeds, and to establish dharma.”

yacca vaṃśena pravṛttenā pravartitaṃ sma yādṛśena । tenevāṃśena yuyutsustvayā nihaṃtavyameveti ।

“The lineage which was maintained by you to the same extent, should now be destroyed by you.”

Evaṁ anena mahatā yathoktena ca yaḥ śṛṇuyāt bhagavato mama cāpy avismitaḥ.

“Thus, whoever hears from Me, the Supreme Being, and from the great soul like Arjuna, without being astonished.”

yena yena rūpeṇa labhate sa tena tena rūpeṇa

“In whatever form one worships Me, I reward them accordingly.”

yajanti ca yajanti te devān yajairyajibhirdadāti ।

“And those who perform sacrifice, they worship and give to the gods with sacrifices.”

caturvidhaṁ tu lokānāṁ janma naiva kṛtsnaśaḥ

“The birth of all beings is not complete in all four classes.”

na janma grāhaṇād rājas tad dṛṣṭvā tvaṁ pravartase

“You do not take birth or accept a royal position having seen that (transience).”

na tvahaṁ jāto na tvaṁ nāyaṁ pṛthivyā na ca devā asti gṛhītebhyāḥ sarvebhyāḥ .

“You were not born, nor was I, nor were these kings; and none of us exists now - it is just an appearance.”

na tu eva ahaṁ jātu mṛṣṭaś ca kiścid api na vidyate. sarvam idaṁ hi doṣeṇa prakṛti-samprāvartitam.

“But I did not originate this delusion; it arose from Nature.”

karmaṇaḥ sukṛtasya puṇyaṁ śreyaḥ śreyaḥ ca pāpam । etat tri-vidhaṁ karmaṇaḥ phalaṁ bhavati ॥

“The result of a good action is virtue, of a bad action is vice, and of a mixed action is a mixed result.”

Karmanye vadhikāras te mā phaleṣu kadācana

“You have a right to perform actions, but never to the fruits.”

yat kṛtvā cāpi tat kuryād vṛthā karmakaro bhavet

“Having done which, one would do it again; thus one would become a mere doer of actions.”

Naiva sa kaścit karomīti niṣṭhāṃ vrajati pāṇḍava . Akartṛtvena tena sarvakarmāṇi kartumarhati .

“For one who has attained the state of 'I do not do anything', then that person, being non-doer, is certainly eligible to do all actions.”

yam imaṁ pravruvanti tvāṁ mleccā itthamadaāhṛtāḥ yajñena yajñenahutukāḥ . 4.21 .

“The unrefined mleccas speak of You in this way, whimsically, ritual by ritual.”

Nāhaṁ kāmeṇa bodhena mumukṣubhyāḥ pravartitāḥ.

“I was not prompted by desire or knowledge to establish the four varnas, it was for the sake of the seekers of liberation.”

Karmaṇyevādikāraḥ te mā phaleṣu kadācana । Mā karma-phala-taiṣīṇā

“You have a right to perform actions, never to the fruits of actions; never should you be driven by a desire for the fruits of actions.”

tatsamssthāṃ praviśyedvāreṇa tenaiva nirgamiṣyati.

“Having entered through that very gate, one will depart through that same gate.”

kaviṁ purāṇaṁ gītam

“The ancient purāṇa which is sung”

yajñena yajñena hi dānaiḥ yajñapataye dāyate । yena yajñaiśca devāḥ ॥

“By yajña (sacrifice) itself, the gods are propitiated; similarly, by yajña, the Lord of yajña (the Supreme Being) bestows gifts.”

kṣetrajñena pravakṣyāmi kṣetraṁ cāiṣa tad aśvin . yoga-kṣemaṁ vavṛtā iti .

“I shall now speak to you about the Field, the Knower of the Field, and the knowledge; I have chosen well-being as My supreme resort.”

karmaṇi karmayoginām . saṅgaḥ syāt tat akartari.

“For those who are yogins of action, the sense of doership arises only in relation to action, not to inaction.”

yajñena yajñena tapasāṃ niṣevayā । namaḥ kṛtvā yam upajāmi vṛṇīmahe || 29 ||

“By Yajña I worship Yajña, who is worthy of worship, having offered homage, we choose him.”

kāmacakrodhaparamoghairvirakto yogasevayā ca yaḥ . sa saṃmatimupāgamya svasti naḥ paripālayat .

“The one who is detached from extreme wrath and extreme attachment, and engaged in yogaseva, kindly come and protect us.”

karmasu kartum arhasi

“You should strive to perform actions.”

śrutvā devān idaṁ vacas tvayy ekāgre cittena . nitya-yukto yoga-kṣemaṁ vahīhi pārtha nityaśaḥ ॥

“Having heard this speech from Me, O Arjuna, with your mind fixed on Me alone, you should constantly perform yoga and ever maintain the welfare of all beings.”

śreyaḥ śreyaḥ pravakṣyāmi na tu paripravakṣyāmi vettha na me matam

“I shall speak to you what is better, not what is not; you do not know My opinion.”

tat svādhyāyena devānāṃ niṣevayā ca sevaye

“One should serve the gods by (studying and contemplating) that (Veda) and by devoted service.”

yaṃ yaṃ vāpi smaran yajñaṃ samāpti yajus-tvayā | gāti devān yajus-tvaiṣa tanna maṣṭe'stu me guruḥ ॥

“Whatever and whomever you remember as the culmination of the sacrifice, that is the one through whom you will reach the gods.”

kiṃ tvayā so ’pi kṛtaḥ pūrvam

“What was also done by you previously?”

kṣatriyasya yaśo loke jagato yaśasaḥ sadā / nivṛttyāgrahaṇād raṇe na dāpyād rājabhiḥ sadā

“A kṣatriya's fame, which brings him constant worldly renown, should never be sullied by taking back his words in a battle or yielding to kings.”

na hi dehābhirāmasya rājñoḥ nāyaṁ loko na paro lakṣmaṇa .

“This world and the next are not for the king who takes pleasure in the body.”

yasya nāhaṁ rte nāsti svadravyaṁ sva-janaḥ eva ca । sa tvāham । sa medhāvī । saḥ sarvam । sa ucyate ॥

“Of whom, there being no 'I' (ego), he has no wealth, and no dear one; know that one to be 'I', that one to be wise, that one to be everything.”

yo na draṣṭum yaś caiva na śrauṇ na manasā naraṇāṃ paśyati drutam

“Who neither sees nor hears quickly with the mind, to them alone this imperishable divine knowledge does not become apparent.”

yaccaivaha satyagrāhān mithaḥ saṅgrāmeṣu vābhavat | tatsarvam asya vākyasya vāg-viśiṣṭasya veditum ||

“And whatever conflict arose from insistent claims in mutual combats, all that can be understood from this exceptional statement.”

yena sarvān arīn vatsa samare vijayiṣyasi.

“By whom you will conquer all enemies in battle.”

Karmaṇyevādikāraḥ te mā phaleṣu kadācana.

“You have a right to perform actions, but never to the fruits.”

karmaṇy evādikāraḥ te mā phaleṣu kadācana

“You have a right to perform actions alone, never to their fruits.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api pravṛttaḥ svakarmṇi rājate ||

“For one who has entered into his own duty, not even for a moment remains without being engaged.”

praśnauttaraṃ samprasne gurukṛpayā yathottaram

“The answer to the question is thus as given by the Guru's grace.”

Karmaṇyevādikāro'ste mā phaleṣu kadācana । Mā karma-phala-heturbhūr mā te saṅgo'stv akarmaṇi

“You have a right to perform your prescribed duties, but never to the fruits of your actions; never consider yourself to be the cause of the results, and never be attached to not doing your duty.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇād api prajāyate ca yaḥ . punyeṇa punyakarmaṇā na sadya eva jāyate . 6 .

“No one is born pious or sinful for a certain interval; nor does anyone become purely pious or sinful all of a sudden.”

nāhaṁ kartā hyahaṁ kartum

“I am not the doer, I do not do.”

yastvindriyāṇi manasā niyantriti

“One who controls the senses by the mind”

yasya nāhaṁ r.te nāsti kiñcid api sa ca me priyaḥ . evam uktvā tu mahāteṣāṇaḥ prahṛtya dvibhum īśvaram ॥

“To whom nothing in this world exists without Me, and who knows Me to be the enjoyer, the maintainer, and the origin of all, his thoughts are indeed fixed on Me.”

na hi kaścitkṣaṇamapi na vartate yastu sarvabhūtāni tiṣṭhān sarvabhūtāni paśyati.

“For one who sees inaction in action, and action in inaction, he is intelligent among men.”

na hi kaścitkṣaṇādapi prajāyate ca yaḥ . paśyed-ananta īśāna sarvatragam

“For no one is born even for an instant who does not see the limitless omnipotent Lord pervading everywhere.”

samatvaṃ yoga ucyate.

“Equanimity is called Yoga.”

na hi kaścit-kṣaṇam api prāṇivac-cheṣṭate; na hi sarva-prayatnena rājyaṁ prāpyate

“For certainly no one can move even for a moment like a living being without the Lord's will, and by one's own effort one cannot obtain even a kingdom.”

na tvahaṁ kāmaye rājyaṁ na ca rājyaṁ na ca rājyaṁ na caitat, saṁsiddhyas tvahamīha na na kañcana kāmaye.

“I do not desire the kingdom; nor do I desire gold, and neither do I desire sense objects; I desire only perfection here.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api na tiṣṭhati gati-saṃsthitaḥ

“No one remains still even for a moment, being situated in one kind of motion or another.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api pratīkṣate .

“No one waits even for a moment.”

jñānena dṛṣṭaṁ vistr̥reṇa caiva dṛṣṭaṁ yoga-sevayā

“By knowledge, it is seen in detail; and it is also seen in detail by yogic practice.”

sarvabhūtasthaṁ taṁ yaḥ paśyed bhūtāni tasya paśyati । tasmai paśyannāyuṣaḥ śreyaḥ śraddhāyate dṛtiḥ ॥

“He who sees That which pervades all beings, and all beings in That, looks equally at both; to him, with such vision, life becomes most beneficial and steady in faith.”

tasmād viṣayā hy asya sarveṇa sarvadā samāhṛtāḥ । nāvaśīryate cāgrāhāt prāṇād viṣayān viṣāti

“Therefore, with the mind withdrawn from sense objects, the embodied soul does not become contaminated by the sense objects, which are always existing.”

Na hi kaścit-kṣaṇam api prājāmātaḥ satīmāhur yat-prajāṃ vyadadhuḥ

“For no one at any time was ever born, nor did any woman give birth to beings that existed before her.”

yasya nāhaṁ rte nāsti kiñcid api sa ca me priyaḥ.

“For whom I am the sole support, and who does not have anything else besides Me, he is dear to Me.”

Samatām upagamyāste saṅgas tyaktvā hi dehinah.

“Having reached the state of equanimity, one who is embodied, having abandoned attachment”

śreyaḥ śrīmad-avrajet eva . nāsti tasya mahātapāḥ ॥

“One who takes birth to achieve the best, indeed has no need for great austerities.”

sarvabhūtāni samekṣya yaḥ paśyed api hi ātmanāḥ. tasyānocyat pāpmānā vyāpto na sa paśyaty anātmanāḥ || 5.24 ||

“He who sees all beings as one, equally seeing the Self in all, sees the same everywhere, and having become that, does not think himself a doer.”

yaṁ santam upahṛtya caranti gopāḥ.

“One who being peaceful, is taken and carried by the cowherds.”

sarva-tātmānam̐ dṛṣṭvā na kañcid api śocati

“Having seen the Self everywhere, he grieves for none at all.”

sarvaprāṇ-hiteśaḥ ca sarva-siddhim avāpnuyāt || 28 ||

“And being a benefactor to all beings, one attains perfection.”

sarvasmāt sa ca devānāṁ ṛṣīṇāṁ ca guroḥ .

“He is the Supreme among all, among gods and among ṛṣis and gurus.”

atha yogasya pravaktā yuge yuge ca vijayate

“Now the teacher of yoga, the Lord, who is victorious in every age, speaks.”

yo-gaś ca yaḥ pravṛtto mayi pūrvaṁ na ca vindataḥ.

“And the yoga which was previously undertaken by me but not found.”

yasya nāhaṁkṛto bhāvo buddhir na pariśodhati.

“For whom the egoistic notion has not been formed and whose intelligence is not deluded”

yasya nāhaṁ ṛtunāthasya rājoḥ yasya nāhaṁ hi saḥ ।

“Of whom I am not the lord, nor the king, nor he is mine.”

ṣaṭcakreṇa hi dehasya dhāraṇā । tenā siddhyati yogaḥ ॥

“Yoga is perfected through the control of the six centers in the body.”

yogārūḍhasya tasyaivaṁ sañjātasya mahātmanaḥ

“For one who has ascended to the yogic platform, for such a great soul”

yat syāt kṛtasya nāśas tat kuryāt karmaṇi karmaṇi.

“One should perform the action which, by its very nature, leads to the destruction of the action.”

yastu sarvāṇi bhūtāni ātmani paśyati sarvabhūteṣu cātmānam |

“But he who sees inaction in action, and action in inaction”

na tad asti pṛthivyāṃ vā divi deveṣu vā punaḥ. na tad asti piṇḍe brahmād api tad asti.

“That (the Self) does not exist on earth, nor in the heaven among the gods, nor again in the body, nor even in Brahman; but It exists.”

tataḥ sva-dharmaṁ yuyutsamāno raṇe 'nuprekṣya yodhayet.

“Then, having resolved to fight, one should strive to kill them in battle without considering the consequences.”

yena sarvān arīn vṛṇute sa pūr vāhṇe prapaśyati

“He who chooses (to conquer) all enemies, sees them in the morning”

yogasthaḥ kuru kārmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā dhanañjaya . siddhyasiddhyoḥ same manaḥ, kṛtvā yogādhipataye ॥

“Being steadfast in yoga, O Arjuna, perform actions without attachment, and with an equanimous mind, dedicated to the Lord of yoga.”

yatsatatam ca sāmarjya tanme gāthā pravakṣyate ॥

“The following verse which I will recite, relates to the perfection of Yoga.”

sarvataḥ pāṇipādaṃ tad viśrūyate

“It is heard that He has hands and feet on all sides.”

yogasthaḥ kuru kārmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā dhanañjaya . siddhyasiddhyoḥ same manaḥ kṛtvā tenā yogaṁ upāguhi .

“Established in yoga, O Arjuna, perform actions, having abandoned attachment; having made the mind equal in success and failure, come to that yoga.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇād api pratyavāyo vidyate gateḥ . atha ced vṛthā tyāgaḥ phalasya hi na vidyate .

“For there is no one who can remain even for a moment without being engaged; and indeed if one does not work, there is no gain of the result.”

yoge yatnena yogam upaiti nischitam | sa yogaḥ pāramaḥ yāvat sāṃprataṃ na caiva ||

“By effort one attains definitively Yoga; that Yoga is the supreme, which one attains not to be otherwise.”

yatsāmye sthitvā ātmanvat paśyed bhūmim idam athavā | viśvato'pi samam paśyān ātmani idam athavā |

“From the state of equilibrium, one should see the earth and all that is here, or everywhere, as equal in oneself and in the Self.”

yat syāt saḥ syād yogasevāyām asaṅgaḥ saṅga-varjitaḥ.

“One who remains unattached, having severed all attachment, while engaged in yogic practice.”

tataḥ sa dṛṣṭvā iṣṭaṁ dṛṣṭvā kāmaṁ hṛdayena spṛśat

“Then, having seen the object of his desire, he touches it with his heart.”

yasya na vijayate rātrau jāgato bhūta-saṅgheṣu pārtha .

“For one who does not rejoice while awake at night, being in the company of worldly beings, O Pārtha.”

yasmin sati nāvaśīḍati

“In which (state), one does not waver.”

na hi kalyāṇakṛtena kartuṃ nāśayaty eṣa nāyam . ātmasaṃcayayogāgre naśyed yat prāptam .

“For one who does not do good deeds, this yoga does not destroy; nor does it perish the good fortune which one has obtained.”

yatsādhakaḥ svair eva manasi sthiram

“The yogin who has stablished his own mind.”

evaṃ buddher lalāṭadeśāt prasphuriṣṇuḥ tataḥ prabhuḥ . aśokāṃ caitra-kīrtiṃ ca dṛṣṭvā yuddhāya samupasthitaḥ .

“Thus, from the forehead of the intellect, the Lord, whose glory is unfading and who is sorrowless, appeared, having seen the two armies ready for battle.”

evam akṣaram brahmā tv athopanishad sthitā || 26 ||

“Thus this imperishable Brahman is established in this Upanishad.”

yasya nāhaṁ ṛtukartā yasyaāhaṁ ca pṛthivyaiḥ.

“Of whom I am not the maker of seasons and of whom I am the very earth.”

sa yogaḥ pravakṣyāmi rājan śrutipūrvakam. yogyastvayā pravṛddho'yaṁ kāmaḥ kāmātmanā.

“I shall now declare this yoga, O King, having heard it; you have suitably developed this desire born of your own self.”

sarvabhūteṣu sarvadā samadarśanaṃ

“Seeing equality in all beings always.”

yo mām sarvabhūteṣu ekaṁ sac-cidānandaṁ brahma rūpeṇa paśyati.

“Who sees Me, the one unchanging, blissful Brahman, in all beings.”

yasya sarve samārambhāḥ havirgomedhasāmiva | na kaścid vardhate hyeva vṛkṣo 'pakṣata iva ||

“One in whom all undertakings originate as oblations, like havis and go-meda, and from whom nothing grows, just like a tree not growing any more when its top is cut off.”

yo na hṛṣyati na dveṣṭi na śocati na prahlādayat

“One who neither rejoices nor hates nor grieves nor is delighted.”

kṣatriyasya yad vīryaṁ śauryaṁ yat tasya vigrahāt .

“The strength of a kṣatriya is his valour and the prowess of his limbs.”

yo naḥ śāstramānīyo yadi sa yogācchāstrād api. na saḥ śāstramānīyo yogaḥ śāstrād api nāsti me ॥ 34 ॥

“If one thinks that he is a scholarly authority on the scriptures and if he does not accept the statement of the scripture on yoga, then neither does the scripture-authority exist for him, nor does yoga exist for him.”

na ca yo'pi muktasaṅgo niṣedhavaṁś caiva । sa ca yogasaṁsiddhau kāle nāvaśiṣyate ॥

“And even one who has not been able to free himself from attachment, but has renounced, he also becomes perfectly accomplished in yoga at the time of death.”

na hi kaścit kṣaṇād api prajāyate ca yaḥ . kutaḥ punar kasyā viphalā vāśanā rane

“For certainly no one who has once been born dies; whence then comes this grief in regard to a futile desire in battle?”

kasmāt-kṣaṇād-vai munīndra devadṛṣṭyā yathā tathā .

“O chief of sages, from which moment, as it were, you saw him with the vision of a god.”

s a eṣā mahatāṃ dharmaḥ yayā svenaātmanā ayaṃ ātmā tu śaktayā viśate saṃsāram । ātmānaṃ yasya nahnute yat-svāhamityeva tadāhamasmy iti nityam ॥ 38 ॥

“The great ones' dharma is this: with one's own self, the self verily, by its power, pervades the world; what one constantly asserts as 'I' and 'mine', that indeed is one's self.”

sa eṣā me matiḥ prāptā yenā grāhitum aham, etāṃ tva asti māyikā ca śaktiḥ.

“This is My divine power, the power of illusion, which has been obtained by Me, by which I create this illusory manifestation.”

na tvevāhaṁ māyi saṅgaśca na me yatsvajanāḥ

“Nor do I have attachment to those who are related to Me.”

śreyo yad vā hy asaṁśayo 'ste yatsvadharmaḥ tataḥ kuru

“Therefore, decide what is better, what will bring you doubt-free steadfastness in your own dharma.”

evaṁ pravartitaśca yaṁ pravāho janmano jan-tunāṁ

“Thus is the natural course of the cycle of birth and death of living beings”

evaṁ janmanāsi janmani pūrve pārtha śarīreṇa tvayā vīrreṇāhaṁ śrutvā pūrva-m-iha-upaniṣadaṁ pravartitaṁ

“The Supreme One who was heard by you in the previous birth through your courageous body, O Partha, has now been reawakened in you through the Upanishad.”

sa tu pārāṁ paśyataḥ tv aśaktau yatroparate cittaṁ yad uparate cintayāṁs tat paraṁ yam upāgamet

“But one who, while seeing the inabilities, gives up the thoughts of the mind where it merges and with whom it merges.”

sa tu sāmye sthitvā ātmānaṁ paśyati yaḥ । sa sarvatra samadṛṣṭirmuktaḥ sa ātmanḥ ॥

“He who, having stablished himself in equanimity, sees himself in all, is liberated; he is the one with equal vision everywhere.”

śreyo hi jñānaṁ śārīrāt, indriyebhyas paraḥ hyanyaḥ.

“For knowledge residing in the body is superior to the senses, and there is another, higher even than knowledge.”

yo'yaṁ yogaḥ mayopadeśaḥ sa ca māyāgrahītumarhati। na hi sasstravidhānena yogasya siddhyanuśayyati ॥ ४७ ॥

“Whosoever takes hold of this yogic path as I have taught it, that very person is fit to attain success, for no strict Vedic observances are necessary for the accomplishment of this yoga.”

śrutvā mayā pravaktum

“Having heard (the field of knowledge) to be spoken by Me”

mayāsakto vinaśyati mayi saṅgama-yogataḥ. mayyeva ca āgataḥ stoti mayi saṅgama-māgataḥ.

“One who is attached to Me, associated with Me, glorifies Me alone and comes to Me, being attached to Me.”

mama janmaśreṣṭho vaṃśo'staṁ yad vedāḥ purāṇaiśca santi ।

“My dynasty is the most glorious lineage from which the Vedas and Puranas have originated.”

prakṛtiṁ puruṣaṁ caiva kṣetraṁ kṣetrajñaṁ eva ca.

“The knowable field, the knower of the field, and both Nature and the Self.”

aparāṃ yad asti sṛṣṭvā sṛjām āsya prajāpatīn

“Having created these, the Prajāpatis created others.”

mayi sarvāṇi bhūtāni sattvenāsamavastavat. tathāham eva sarveṣu bhūteṣu tattatha draṣṭum arhasī.

“In My essence all beings exist equally, not really existing; similarly, you should see that I alone exist in all beings.”

mayi sarvamidaṁ proṭṭavam

“All this is merely manifested in Me.”

rasatān rasaś cāham p'yāsān peyaśca somaḥ . puṣpamārgaṃ puṣpaṃ ca vrīhiṃ cāvrūhīṇi ca .

“I am the taste in the rasas, the intoxicating power of the Soma; I am the path of fragrance in flowers; I am the rice in grains, and the grain on the threshing floor.”

yacca sarveṣu bhūteṣu tattvaṁ paśyasi sāttvikam / yena sarvamidaṁ proktam tattvaṁ vācaḥ projāpatiḥ ॥ ९ ॥

“The essence which pervades all beings and which you see as existing in the sattvic quality, and by which all this has been spoken, is the essence of speech and the Lord of creation.”

mayi sarvāṇi pāṇḍavāḥ sarvaśaḥ ॥ १० ॥

“All the Pāṇḍavas are entirely in Me.”

yaccediha samayī mṛtyo mama gātrāṇi paśyati । tadevāgniho-traṁ ca phalaṁ ca me matam ॥

“If at the time of death a dying man sees only my bodily limbs, then even that is considered by Me as the result of a fire-sacrifice.”

yena yena rucir āyati, tena tena upasaṃharati

“By whatever (desire) the (divine) radiance manifests, by that very (desire) it withdraws.”

mayi sṛṣṭvā tu mahatā vṛkṣo'yaṃ hyanusmṛtaḥ .<br>kṣare 'kṣaraṇīṁ vibhūtiṁ vetthā tvam ca pārtha vetthā .

“Having created this (universe) with the mahat (or the great principle), this tree is thus remembered; you know, O Pārtha, both the perishable and imperishable forms of My power.”

māyāmetāṃ tv iheva tyaja; na ca duḥkhena māyikā

“Abandon this māyā here and now; do not grieve over māyā-related things.”

na tu māṃ śaṅkitum-arhi na ca vigrahēṇa vācasā | nānutiṣṭhaṁy-asad-agrāho na ca dehāya deha-jām

“You should not doubt Me, nor consider Me in terms of the bodily form through Your words; the intellect which does not accept Me as distinct from the body should not identify the body with Me.”

caturāri triṣu caiva tāni dharmēṇa prathitāni | śrēyaḥ pravṛttiṃ ca tathā pravṛttiṃ viduḥ ṁ

“Fourfold are the classes of men of virtuous conduct, declared in the Vedas; know, O Arjuna, that there are two more types, (śreyaḥ and preyas).”

saccidānandārūpeṇa sa māyayā samprabhūtyate । tanmāyāṁ visṛjāmy eṣa na me kaścidgādādharaḥ ॥ 17 ॥

“The Supreme Being manifests through Maya in the form of blissful consciousness.”

na hi dehābhivadhāyāya mama deho nābhivadhāyāya / deho dehasya dhārayitā

“For the body is not for the sake of the embodied soul, nor is the embodied soul for the sake of the body; the embodied soul is only the maintainer of the body.”

tasmādhi sarveṣu kṣetreṣu sarvabhūteṣu saśśrutiḥ

“Therefore in all fields and in all beings He is present in the form of listening.”

anye ca dehinaḥ yajñādijāti yajanti svargakāmāste punyalokeṣu dehinaḥ.

“And others, embodied beings, born from the sacrifice, etc., worship for the sake of heaven; they are embodied beings in the virtuous worlds.”

teṣāṁ sattvānurūpasya yathābhūtaṁ yathottaram

“According to their faith, I reward them.”

anubandhe ca dehe ’sminnakurvann api kāriṣyasi || 22 ||

“Due to this inherent association with the body, even if you do not act, you will be compelled to act.”

na me pārthāsti kartavyā triṣu lokeṣvanuttamaḥ । yatkrṇu mā mayā proktaṃ tadastu me 'bhiprayaḥ ॥

“There is no duty for Me to perform, nor is there anything that I have not done; what I do, O Pārtha, is only to show the way.”

asurānāṁ ca yathā rājā tathā devānāṁ ca yaḥ pitā । mayi janayate brahmāṇḍaṁ kṣetraṁ kṣetrī ca tāṁ viduḥ || 24 ||

“As the king of the asuras is (Mahabali) and the father of the gods (is Hiranyagarbha or Brahma), know that I (Mahavishnu) produce this universe (or the cosmic egg) and the field (of the universe) as its owner.”

nāhaṃ prakāśo na ca prabhā na śaśāṅko nāgniḥ na ca vāyuḥ nāpo na patiḥ na cānyo jagataḥ

“I am not the light, nor the splendor, nor the moon, nor the fire, nor the wind, nor the water, nor the lord, nor any other of the manifest worlds.”

nāhaṁ prakāśo na ca prabhā na śamo no spandanam | na deśo na kālo na parimitir nāivayogaḥ

“I am not illumination, nor radiance, nor glow, nor vibration, not a place, not time, not a measure, and not a relation.”

yacca daivaṁ rtumṛte ca paśyann ātmānaṁ yajate sa ātmānāḥ.

“And one who, seeing the Lord in all, offers sacrifice, seeing the Self, is the Self.”

ye tu sarvāni pāpāni parityajya mayi śaraṇaṁ vrajan । te sarve pāpa-rāhaṣyairvimucyante na ca dugatīṁ gacchanti ॥

“Those who, abandoning all sins, take refuge in Me, are released from all sinful reactions and do not fall into a lower state.”

māmeva mokṣasaṃsārau ca māyate ca yadasti tat ।

“You shall have only Me as the means of liberation from Samsara, and whatever exists, is only My manifestation.”

māmeva mokṣasaṅgrāpamṛtyu mā śoka-viṣāda-samuprāptam

“Attain eternal liberation, mokṣa, by reaching Me alone; do not be overcome with lamentation and despair.”

akṣaraṁ brahma-paramaṁ vedaḥ aham | akṣaraṁ sarvāṇi bhūtāni tad-anusmṛty-upāgamaḥ ||

“I know the Supreme Brahm as the imperishable (akṣaraṁ); all beings originate from It, and remembering It, one attains (mokṣa).”

akṣaraṁ brahma paramaṁ svasti tannaama grihītavyam

“That which is imperishable and supreme, the eternal essence, is to be taken as the supreme Brahman, and its name is to be accepted.”

ahaṃ vai sarvabhūtānāṃ hṛdayaṃ brahmasammitam

“I am indeed the heart of all beings, comparable to Brahman.”

athaivaṁ samastaṁ jagad vyavasthitaṁ prajāpatīnāṁ yadvaḥ śrutvā pravṛtto 'si dhārmikaḥ ॥

“Thus, having heard the words of the Prajapatis, you have taken to the path of righteousness.”

yaccaivaṁ brahmaṇe nāthāya vidmahe । vāsudevāya dhīmahi । tanno māyāvinaḥ pracodayāt || 6 ||

“And may Vāsudeva, the Lord of Brahma, having that form, inspire us, not deluded by māyā.”

tasmādhi sarvaśāstrāṇi brāhmaṇo vijānīyān nāyaṁ devo na ca devarṣīḥ ॥ ७ ॥

“From this, a brahmin should understand all the scriptures; this is not a demigod nor a sage among the gods.”

akṣaraṁ brahma para-maṁ yad vedaiḥ asti nityam

“The Imperishable is the Supreme Brahman, which is eternal and is found in the Vedas.”

yaccaivam aham smṛtyudghāṭyayiṣṇuḥ tam evaimāṃ mṛśān rvitīyaḥ ॥ ९ ॥

“And I am the one who destroys and illuminates the memory of the jīva.”

yad gacchan nāvaśāmyati yad dṛṣṭvā nāvaśāmyati

“While going, he does not fatigue; on seeing, he does not fatigue.”

athaivaṁ samastaṁ jagat prapaśyannātmanḥ sthitam.

“Thus seeing the whole universe as existing within My own Self.”

abhyāsayogena cainam yajante pūjayanti ca

“And by the practice of yoga, they worship and pay homage to Him.”

māmevaiṣa niṣprapañco veditavyas sa niṣkalaḥ . atho bahūnāṃ vṛṇate grahaṇāt

“He should know Me alone as the unmanifest, the imperishable Reality; otherwise, having undertaken multiple paths, he chooses to take hold of many.”

mām evaiṣyasi paśya me tvāṁ hīḍu-pratīkaṁ yogye || 14 ||

“You will surely come to Me; behold My majestic form, the very symbol of Yoga.”

mām upetya punarjanma naiva yanti mama caiva

“Having reached Me, they do not undergo rebirth and they attain My state.”

na hi kalyāṇa-hitāyaṃ vedaiḥ saṃśitam |

“For this is not declared by the Vedas to be for the good of the virtuous.”

sahasra-yuga-paryantam sa yat paśyed divi devān .<br>atha enam evaṁ tvahaṁ draṣṭuṁ yogināṁ patiḥ || 17 ||

“The Lord of Yogins enables one to see the gods till the end of a thousand ages, and similarly I shall now show you this divine form.”

ahaṁ vai sarvayajñānāṁ phalaṁ caiva sarvavedānāṁ vedaḥ ca yajñāśca sarve kratavaḥ ।

“I alone am the enjoyer of all sacrifices, the knower of all Vedas, and the performer of all yajñas and all kratus.”

tataḥ punaḥ pravṛttiḥ sāmānyasya carācaraṃ

“Then again the creation of the totality of the moving and non-moving beings takes place.”

ahaṁ vai sarvasya jagataḥ prabhavaḥ.

“I am indeed the source of all creation.”

atho rvir śarīreṇa yad ūrdhvaṃ āyāti dehinā | uttamaḥ puruṣaḥ so 'nyaḥ prakṛter vidhūyate || 21 ||

“Then, having left the body, the embodied one ascends; that Supreme Person, distinct from nature, is freed.”

akṣarāt para mo dhavan iḥ

“The supreme sound is beyond the imperishable.”

na hi dehavatāṁ deho deho na ca dehavat

“The body of embodied beings is not their real body, nor is the body of the non-embodied beings their real body.”

yena gatā na gamiṣyanti tam īśaṁ jagatāṁ yaśaḥ

“The fame of the Lord of the world, by which having gone they do not return”

athaivaigrahaṇātprāṇo jīvo yayedapi gacchati .

“Then, verily, by grasping, the life-principle jīva departs, even as it goes.”

atho bahunāmo yad ihopahṛtyate . coryāṣṭamī rātrau vāsudevasya janma-taḥ ||

“Moreover, it is on the eighth day of the dark half of the month that many names are brought forth, on the night of the birth of Vāsudeva.”

cintayas tvāṃ yataḥ tvāṃ paśyeḥ tvāṃ sarvatrasaṅgrahaḥ.

“The one who thinks of You, sees You, and perceives You everywhere.”

mamaivāṃśo jīvaloke kṣaṇāccha brahmasaṁjñitaḥ. jīvayāmāsa sargeṣu mayi sṛṣṭvā punaḥ punaḥ.

“This soul is a part of Me, having originated from My being, and having been created by Me in the wombs of My material energy, it acts and lives.”

idaṁ tu mahatāṁ vākyam yasyāṁ hi paramārthataḥ

“This indeed is the great saying in which the Supreme Truth is contained.”

rājaguhyaṁ pravakṣyāmi rahasyaṁ sanātanam | yena sarvān arīn vṛṇute rājā ca vihāyati ||

“I shall speak to you the eternal secret, the royal mystery, by which you will conquer all enemies and enjoy the kingdom.”

na ca matssthāni sarvabhūtāni yat tvam nānupaśyasi । atha cōttaram ।

“And, moreover, you do not see that all beings exist in Me, but I will tell you further.”

mayi sarvāṇi bhūtāni sattvenāsasṛjat prabhūḥ. mayi sarvamidaṃ prāṇam ॥

“The Supreme Lord created all beings with the sattva quality and it is in Me that all this life exists.”

prajāpatīnāṃ ca dehaṃ praviṣṭaṃ yajñena devān yajanti ।

“The gods create the bodies of Prajapatis; having created them, they offer the gods through sacrifice.”

yaccedaṁ pṛthivīṁ sarvāṁ pātayāmy aśiraḥśiraḥ

“If I were to shower the entire earth with water, head by head”

yaccediha samaye na syād yadi vā grahataḥ amṛtam

“And even if you do not attain Me at this very time, then having obtained the nectar-like imperishable Supreme Being by taking hold of Me”

na ca dehād vibhūto'smi na me deho'sti na cātmā asti paradehīṇāṃ vṛttamevāham āgatam

“I am not derived from the body, nor do I have a body; nor is there an ātman (self) of mine; I have merely come into this bodily existence”

na janma grahaṇaṁ dehasya yathā śarīre sthitāś ca । nityo deha-vināśāya ।

“As there is no birth or taking of the Self in a body; and as It, being eternal, causes destruction of the body.”

mayādṛṣṭeḥ viśvato mayavartān mayi sarvāṇi jagataḥ.

“All the worlds are originating from Me, and are existing in Me, and are ultimately getting dissolved in Me.”

mūḍho na hi mama santi bahuvasudhā devārṣibhiḥ । yathā tvahaṃ mayā proktam tathaiva hi gṛhyatām ॥

“The foolish do not know that I, the Supreme Being, am the sole owner of all the planets, as I have been described; let them take my words accordingly.”

māṁ hi pārtha vyayasate mithyā nānutiṣṭhati varmaṇi

“But, O Pārtha, he does not follow in My footsteps at all, being a hypocrite.”

śraddhāmayo᱿si yaśaso᱿si dhairyastavasi . Ḥddhiᱬ ca tavasi . śraddhāmātreᰣa eva tu

“You are faith personified, you are fame personified, you are fortitude personified, and you are prosperity personified.”

sa tena dṛṣṭā tena dṛṣṭaṁ śṛṇoti śrutvā । caitanyena dṛṣṭe tasmin s sarvam idaṁ dṛṣṭam

“He sees that it is He who is seen, heard and perceived everywhere; and thus it is He alone who sees, hears and understands.”

māṃ hi pārtha vyayasāmayam.

“For, O Pārtha, I am the eater of all.”

śrṣṭā caiva asya hi śarīrāṇāṃ pṛthivyā rasācca . vāyus tathā mayo dyaus śaśāṅko manas eva ca //

“The Earth is the creator of the bodies, and also the juice (or water), the Air, the Sky, the Moon, and the Mind are (creators) thus.”

mātā ca pārthavīnāṁ pitā devānāmṛcāmṛta. guroḥ ca hanuḥ pitā hyasya yasya yasya yathā śarīram // 17 //

“The Earth is the mother of all Pārvatī-like beings, the Vedas are the father of the celestial beings, the preceptor's teeth is the father and the body depends on who and how.”

sa mahātmyaṁ prapadye vedasya vedī ca yaḥ smṛtaḥ

“I bow down to Him who is known as the greatness of the Veda and the knower of the Veda.”

na janma grahaṇaṁ dehasya yathā vidyād atho mṛteḥ

“Just as one does not take birth nor does one die at death; similarly the embodied soul neither takes birth nor dies.”

na tu mām eva manuṣyaḥ prapadyate

“But a man does not surrender to Me alone.”

teṣāṁ sadā parituṣṭānāṁ hari-vācana-parasmin | ātmānaṁ hi anutpannaṁ darśayan ātmanāḥ prabhuḥ || 21 ||

“The Lord shows to them, who are always satisfied and fully dependent on His words, that He, the unborn, is the Self of all beings.”

Nā me pārthāsti kartavyaṁ triṣu lokeṣu kiṅcana । Nānāpāptam avāptavyaṁ varta eva ca karmaṇi ॥

“For Me, there is nothing to accomplish in the three worlds, nor is there anything unattained; yet I engage in action.”

māṃ hi pārtha vyayasāmi hi jīvasām

“For I am the consumer and the inheritor of all living beings.”

mayi sarvāṇi jīvasattvāni sattvaṃ ca jagato mayi|| 24 ||

“All living beings and the material world are existing in Me.”

yacca vaḥ śravaṇāt punyā mayi śraddhā sadāgrahaḥ । tasyaiva vaḥ mayi dānaṃ na ca dātavyam asti me ॥ २५ २

“And faith rooted in steadfast conviction, which you have developed in Me through hearing, is itself the gift to Me; and not, indeed, is anything else to be given by you to Me.”

yadi ced avaśiṣyeta śaṅkām āvṛta-locanaḥ atha brahma-sahasrāṇi sahasraṁ cāpi yajuṣā

“If even a speck of dust remains on my eyes, then even a thousand Brahma's and thousand times the sacrifice with Vedas ”

yacca tvayāhitaṁ puṇyaṁ janmani janmani ca yat। tatkṣayeṇa prāpyateha naṣṭaṁ ceda punarbhavaḥ ।। 27 ।।

“Whatever pious deeds you have performed in this life or in previous lives, all that has been destroyed if you have not attained the Supreme.”

māṃ hi pārtha vyayasāgara-mahābhūtāni

“For, O Pārtha, I am the eater and the end of all great elements.”

nāhaṁ kaścid api paśyāmi nāntareṇa maheśvaram । sarvabhūteṣu tattvena sarvabhūtāni paśyataḥ ॥

“I do not see any distinction between the Supreme Lord and any being, for everywhere I see them as equal, being the same in essence.”

s aiva me matimataṃ śreṣṭho na tu māṃ śreṇir gṛhṇāti.

“Even he alone is the best among those with intelligence, but not the class of people takes Me.”

tasmādevaṃ viditvā dehe ’sminnaśokastvayā śaktaḥ । nadyād vārēṇa tad gamyate ॥ 31 ॥

“Thus, having known this, you will be sorrowless; and thereby you will be able to go to that Supreme State by traversing this human body.”

māṃ hi pārtha vyayasāgara-m

“For I, O Pārtha, am the all-consuming ocean.”

mayi sarvāṇi karmāṇi sannaṡi muniḥ । nirvairaḥ samadarśīḥ tvam eva ca ।

“The muni who views with equality, being free from enmity, and has surrendered all actions to Me.”

mām ekaṁ śaraṇaṁ brāhma

“Brahma says: Take refuge in Me alone.”

śrī bhagavān uvāca.

“The Supreme Being said.”

na tvahaṁ jāto na tvaṁ nāyaṁ loko asti pūrvaḥ na kutaścinna vedaḥ

“Neither I was born nor you, nor these worlds existed previously; nor did the Veda come into being”

ahem ādiśe sarvasya jagataḥ prabhavaḥ.

“I am the origin of the whole universe.”

ahaṁ hi sarvayajñānāṁ phaḷaṁ ca mahatāṁ ca sarvavedānāṁ vedaḥ

“I alone am the fruit of all sacrifices and the knower of all the Vedas among the great ones.”

na me viduḥ sura-gaṇāḥ pitā nā vā mama devā api. na jāto na jāyiṣye na asti na bhaviṣyati.

“The gods do not know Me, nor My birth, nor My family; I was not born, I will not be born, I do not exist, I will not exist.”

aham ātmā guḍākeśa sarvabhūtāni śarīriṇām

“I am the Self, the source of all beings, embodied in every creature.”

yacca vaḥ śravaṇād rājan kampaty eva ca yat phalam

“And verily, Your Majesty, what benefit accrues from mere hearing, and what result from trembling,”

mama yoniḥ mahad-brāhma tasmin garbhe nabho yathā . tathā dehānāṃ jīvo 'haṃ ajo 'sthitvena sarva-bhūtāni

“The Supreme Brahman is my origin, and into it I, the unborn, being existing by nature, am born along with all beings in the womb of the great universe.”

yacca vāhaṁ vadāmi tattvena vākyena pārtha. na tena moho 'sti kaścinnir ṣ prabho na hi me vacaḥ.

“Whatever I say, I say it to be the truth, O Arjuna, and by it there is no confusion; for my words are not meaningless.”

teṣāṁ satatayuktānāṁ bhaktānāṁ ca paripālayan. mayi te man āḍhau tu māyām etāṁ vyatihanyāti.

“Of those devotees who are always engaged in serving Me and taking care of Me, this divine illusion of Mine does not cause obstruction on the path to their Self-realization.”

athacintayāmāsa jijñāsayā paryabhūtastvayā । brahmādibhyāḥ puruṣāya viṣṇave namo namoḥ || 11 ||

“And then, being completely bewildered, with a questioning mind, he bowed to You, saying: 'O Viṣṇu, O primeval Man, O Lord, salutations to You, salutations to You.'”

śrutvā devaṁ deva-varaṁ vedān, prāha madhu-sūdanam, 12

“Having heard that the Supreme God, the best of gods, He (Arjuna) spoke to Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of Madhu.”

na ca dehādibhaveṇa dṛṣṭum-arhasi tad-bhavam | nā-vamānī kratavināṃ yathāhaṃ pravīra-hā

“And you should not look upon Me as a mere manifestation of the body etc., nor disparage the (sacrificial) rituals as I am the destroyer of the best of warriors.”

asmin kṣatre kṣetraṁ yat tvayaṁ prāpya mam

“The field of action which you have obtained and by which you are able to know Me”

kim idaṁ mahadāgastrab brahmāsya manu-jādhipa !

“What is this great divine missile, O Lord of men?”

śrutvā devān havir idaṃ yayau dattvā sva-kṛtena bhāgena

“Having heard the gods, he went away after offering this oblation along with the share prepared by himself.”

kim idaṁ prāṇi-hatyāyā dṛṣṭum iha upāgamāt . sva-karmopani bandhān me śṛṇu guru-mate .

“Why have you come here to see the slaughter of your own kin, and why do you not heed my words, O learned Arjuna?”

na tvāṃ śakyam upaṣṭātum

“You cannot be approached”

na ca dehād vṛttiḥ haḥ śarīrastho na cotthitaḥ | numānmena anusṛjyaśva dehī nadyāstribhujaḥ || 19 ||

“I am not in the body, nor have I risen; cast me, O three-armed one, into the river like a corpse.”

atho vedeṣu vijayo mama

“And victory in the Vedas is Mine.”

na ca devā ṛṣayas-tathaiva ca nadyas , sadṛśaṁ nāsti kṛtayas-tathā ca .

“And similarly, there are no gods, sages, or rivers like Me, nor are there any creations equal to Me.”

ahaṃ sarvasya jagataḥ prabhavaḥ.

“I am the source of all the universe.”

na ca dehād viyuktasya punarjanma vivṛṇvate / nāyaṁ mama kāmayate / na ca paśyed yadi paśyet || 23 ||

“And when separated from the body, He does not give rise to another birth; this is not His desire, and He does not see if He were to see.”

ahaṃ hi sarvayajñānāṃ bhartā ca prabhur eva ca | ahaṃ ṛṣīnāṃ ṛṣir bhūtvā purā etair asṛjat prajāḥ ‖

“I alone am the enjoyer and the Lord of all sacrifices, and I alone was the Ṛṣi among ṛṣis, and I created these people in the beginning.”

aṁ hi sarva-yajñānāṁ bhartā ca phalameva ca

“I alone am the enjoyer and Lord of all sacrifices and I alone am the reward.”

yaccatuṣṣadgurutaḥ prāṇādapāṃ rasāccha

“And that which is the great foundation for the quadruple Vedic order, and the life and taste of the waters”

atho rvaśiṣṭhād api tad-vicitya dhīro na parihar tumarḥasi

“Therefore, having examined it, a wise man should not abandon it”

atho 'rvaśiṣṭhād api sapta āsāñcayān muneḥ . putro mama sudarśano 'rjunobhūt samudravat ॥

“Then, from the sage Vrihaspati, I produced Sudarshana, My son, who became Arjuna like the ocean from the seven swans.”

yacca sarveṣu bhūteṣu tattvaṁ paśyasi sarvaśaḥ । yena sarvamidaṁ viśvaṁ tattvenāvṛtam ॥ २९ ॥

“And that fundamental reality which you see as existing in all beings, that by which this entire universe is enveloped.”

vṛkṣeṣu yatparṇaṁ śākhā atho vivṛtā | evaṁ gurubhrātā mathurā ca vṛndāvanaṁ

“As the leaves on the trees are to be considered as parts or branches of the trees; similarly My elder brother Balarāma is to be considered as My part, and Mathurā and Vṛndāvana are to be considered similarly.”

tad brahmā ca jānāti tacc yajustvāṃ vedi ca | tad vāṇaḥ proktaṃ vṛṣṇinā yathādhigamyate ||

“That Brahma knows and you know in the Yajus, that was proclaimed by Vasudeva as it can be understood.”

mokṣasāṃ ca mamāśmitān | vedān sarvān veditum |

“And I am the source of all the liberated souls, and I am the one who knows all the Vedas.”

mṛtyudaṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ

“The destroyer of all beings at the time of death.”

mṛtyu-daṇḍa-koṭy-aiśvaryam praptaṁ nābhijāyate

“Wealth, equal to the dominion of the lord of death, I have obtained, not to be born again.”

ahaṁ vidmi rāgāṇāṁ hi draṣṭum

“I know the past, present and future of all beings”

yaccāpi sarvabhūtānāṃ bījaṃ saḥ kuru pāṇḍava .

“And also, O Pāṇḍava, He is the seed of all beings.”

aśvinau māruto manuḥ vāyur varuṇo 'dhipatiḥ

“The Ashvins, Maruts, Manu, Vayu, and Varuna are the Adhipatis.”

yacca tvayā proktam vākyena vedāham iti.

“And what you have spoken by the words 'I know'.”

yad yad hi dharmasya glānir bhavati tad ato'haṁ śriyamado uddhariṣyāmi

“Whatever, wherever, there is a decline of dharma, I manifest Myself to uplift it.”

yaccāva hasi dehebhyas tad eva tvam yacca dehebhyaḥ sarveṣām tad anantāya yacca sarvāṇi bhūtāni

“And what You take from the bodies, that very thing You are; and what You give to all bodies, that is from the Infinite; and what exists in all beings, that is You.”

yadyad-vibhūtim sattvikam mama rūpam tad-vidur mama tattvataḥ

“Know that all manifestations of My divine power, which are material and virtuous, are My true form.”

yad yad hi dharmasya glānir bhavati Bhārata / abhyutthānaṁ sadṛśaṁ tad dharmasya hi gopāyanaṁ

“Whatever degeneration of dharma occurs, O Bharat, that very thing I undertake to protect and uplift.”

dṛtvā hy akarmany abhāve martyasyārjuna । nāyaṁ yuddho nihiito asti svargalokāt ॥ १

“If a man, Arjuna, does not fight, then having performed his duty as a warrior, he would not have achieved the right to heaven.”

yaccaivaṁ brahmaṇe nāthāya vidmahe । gāyatrī ca yaśasā naḥ ।

“And we know You as the protector of Brahma, and the Gayatri as Your fame.”

yaccedaṁ puruṣeṇa haviḥ dravyaṁ puṣpaṁ yathopahāraḥ

“And just as a man's oblation, an offering of a material substance, and a flower offered to Him”

yaccaivaṁ vṛkṣo'smi merugireḥ pūrvajaḥ.

“And I am the tree born before Meru mountain.”

atha bahuvirūḍhaṁ vṛkṣaṁ nakhāstraphāṇinaḥ । cicchiduḥ tvayi śāstraphāṇi rathasthaḥ śitādharāḥ ॥

“Then, having taken up Your bow and arrows, You cut down the huge tree as if it were a leafy vegetable.”

aneka-vakra-nayana-śrotravāhī bahu-vaktro-'ru-jihvāni | aneka-āyudha-pāṇi-pāda-vaktrāṇi tvāṁ dṛṣṭvā hṛṣīkeśa

“Beholding You with many curved faces, eyes, and ears, many arms, and thighs, and feet, and mouths, O Lord of senses”

tato draṣṭum upāgamya aśvamedhaṁ yajñaṁ yajāmāsa / purandorān pauroṣṇāda eva sarvān yajñān ṛṣīn brahmāṇaḥ

“Then, to see, having approached, He beheld the horse-sacrifice, the sacrifice being performed by Purandaras, verily all the sacrifices, the sages, and Brahmā.”

athaivaṃ samastato 'pi dṛṣṭvā dṛṣṭvā ca vihāya saḥ . āstaiṣu dṛṣṭvā ca tato visiṣṭvā dṛṣṭvā ca yathā 'āgatam

“Then, having thus seen the entire universe, and having especially seen this, He entered into it; and, having seen it, He went back to His own form.”

na tvahaṃ kāmaye rājyaṃ yacchidr̥ sarvasya pārothivam | yadvā divya mahottamam | na tvahaṃ kāmaye bhogān ṛddhiṃ devaripoḥ purī

“I do not desire the kingdom, nor do I desire the divine pleasures or the supreme heavenly rewards; I do not desire to enjoy the material possessions or the powers of the demons' enemy.”

na ca dehād avam anyasya sarva-śastra-bhṛtām api / na ca sarva-grahāṇād raudrād viṣṇor idam udāhṛtam // 11.10 //

“This (universal form) is not (just) the body of any other, not even of all weapon-wielders; nor is it taken from Rudra or Viṣṇu by any means.”

yaccedaṁ hasṛjāmāsyathavā, notsṛjyam । iṣṭādeva saganaḥ । śriyaṁ vāśaya me'śivaḥ ॥ 11 ॥

“The Supreme Lord said: If it pleases you to create this universe or not, or if You are not obliged to create it, then with Your attendants kindly bring about the Goddess of Fortune to reside in my home.”

na tvāṁ śakyasi paśyituṁ cakṣuṣā nādraviṁtena .

“You cannot be seen with these eyes, nor with this unsteady vision.”

śrutvā tu mama vākyam vismaye cāgrato 'bhavat

“Having heard My words, he was struck with wonder.”

athāṣṭādaśabhirgītaiḥ sahasravadbhireva ca

“Then with eighteen Gitas and also with thousands of songs”

na tvahaṁ kāmaye rājyaṁ na ca rājyādi kiñcana । na dhanaṁ na jayaṁ na ca rājyaṁ na yogakṣemam் ॥ १५ ॥

“I do not desire sovereignty, nor do I desire kingdom or anything similar; neither wealth, nor victory, nor sovereignty, nor yogakṣema.”

athaivaṁ samastaṁ jagad dṛṣṭvā tvayi pratiṣṭhitam

“Now, having thus seen the entire universe standing established in You”

śreyaḥ śreyaḥ iti manuṣyāste tu śreyaḥ kim anyayāḥ

“The people say that You are the supreme auspiciousness; what then is Your supreme auspiciousness?”

na ca devā ṛṣayaścaiva kratavaśca yajñaiśca sarvamidaṁ jagat

“And all the gods, sages, and also all the yajñas, sacrifices and rituals are You.”

Hṛṣīkeśa ! tvayā diṣṭena mārgeṇa prāpnuyām mahato vṛṇum || 19 ||

“By the path shown by You, I may obtain the great boon.”

vāsudevastvayā proktam yacca dharme sarvam eva tat

“All that you have said, O Vasudeva, is verily the Dharma.”

athaivaṁ samastena dṛṣṭvā divyena ca paśyataḥ . ṛṣiṇāṁ sahasraṁ ca tulyaṁ ekaṁ paśyato mama //

“And thus having seen the divine form, the one thousand sages, resembling one, are like unto him who sees Me.”

hanumammaiḥ sahasreṇa sahasra-koṭībhir-eva ca.

“With the strength of a thousand HAnuman like monkeys and with thousands and crores of them”

na tvevāhaṁ nādṛśyo na śravaṇīyo na grahītabyo na smārtavyaḥ . na tu śakyosti tyaktum aham hi sarva-pramāṇasām .

“You should not think that I am not visible, not hearable, not receivable, not graspable, or not rememberable; I alone am the object of all the pramāṇas.”

na ca devāt samāgamaḥ

“Nor from the gods does a meeting occur.”

na tvāṃ śakyā munayo na rājāno na ṛṣayaḥ । kuto na lokā atra tava dṛṣṭipātāt ॥

“Not even the sages, nor kings, nor seers; how then can ordinary people exist if your gaze falls on them?”

athā devāstvadvishvaato mukhataḥ dāśorādhi ca | gāyanti sāmāni divyāstribhāvadbhavah || 26 ||

“The gods are praising you from all sides with divine hymns, and the triple-born are chanting Sāman hymns”

yaccedaṁ puruṣeṇa haviḥ devebhyastvāhutam paśuḥ.

“And if a man offers to the gods, with a view to satisfy his own self, an oblation, or an animal.”

Hṛṣīkeśa! tvayā dīptān-alaprATīkāśaṁ jagadāhasi gabhastibhiḥ.

“The universe is being consumed by you, who are blazing with flames and illuminating with your rays.”

na ca dehānni dehāt tvaṁ na ca yenaivāhaṁ paśyasi

“You are not the body, nor am I the one through whom you see.”

athavā ajanma aprāṇo niṣprāṇo yad-anantaram

“Or You are the unborn, breathless, and vital-less Existence that remains after the bodies are destroyed.”

yaccaivānaṁ ṛkṣarājo jagāma cāgrataḥ . paśya me pārśve rathaṁ sthitasya drutam //

“And also see, the King of the bears has come before Him; see Me on the chariot, stationed on the side, quickly.”

kālo 'smi lōkān hlādayan gṛṇiḥ pṛthivīm atho pūrīm

“I am Time, the destroyer of all, the instigator of the worlds, and I have come to annihilate this city.”

na tvevāhaṁ jātum ayoddhī tvadasanyādrathītam, śrutvā yuddhāsaṁāgamaṁ yāvad yuşyati tāvad drava.

“You will never be able to kill me in this battle, so hear my words and retreat while you still have the chance.”

yaccaivam idānīṁ prāpyamamāpy eṣu mātulo‌'nuvartate । tadapy astu mama tvad astu tato mama kiṁ parihlādinaḥ ॥ ३४ ॥

“If my kinsmen, on receiving Your gift, behave towards You as they do towards Me, then what gain do I derive that would make me jubilant?”

Dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre yad uktaṁ śṛṇu Pārtha.

“Hear, Arjuna, what was said in the field of duty, the Kuru-kshetra.”

Dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre yad-uktaṁ satya-dṛte tvayā.

“What you, the truth-seer, have said in the field of Dharma, in the Kurukṣetra.”

Dharma e yattanaḥ śreṣṭhe loke'smin ativartinī。

“To protect Dharma, the best, the protector of this world.”

Dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre tvayi śrutvā pāṇḍavāḥ

“Having heard your words, the Pāṇḍavas stand in the field of righteousness, Kurukṣetra.”

Dharmeṇa Yaśasā caiva Patiḥ Pṛthivyāḥ Śrutena ca .

“The Lord of the earth rules with Dharma, with Fame and with Śruti.”

Dharme kṣetre jagataḥ savasmād rājā yaśasaḥ śriyam

“The king's fame manifests in the field of dharma and brings prosperity to the entire world.”

Dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre tapate vandanāt pitarān. Ābrāhmaṇān ca yaḥ pāpaḥ prajāyate gato raṇe.

“In the Dharma land Kuru land the heat arose from bowing to the fathers; by going to war what sin arises towards Brahmins.”

Dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre yad draṣṭuṁ mumukṣavaḥ.

“To see in the Dharma land, the Kuru land, those who are desirous of liberation.”

na tu tasya anuvartitavyam ratham yac syād vibhūti-vān.

“One should not follow the chariot of one who is powerful.”

dharme kṣetre jagato yatsṛjyetānusṛjyate.

“By Dharma the world is created and destroyed.”

na tv evaham pāpman kṛtaṁ paśyāmi kunti-nāthena kṛtam .

“I do not see any sin committed by Kunti's son.”

na tu tasya anvayaḥ kaścin nadṛṣṭapūrvaḥ pitā pitāmahaḥ .

“But none of his lineage, no father or grandfather, had ever been seen before.”

Dharme yatnataḥ rājan dharmaḥ rājānam prāpsuvan । Nityaṃ pāpāṇi varjayān ॥

“By Dharma, O King, a King who always tries to attain Dharma and constantly shuns sins.”

Dharme yaṣṭiḥ samṛddhau ca rājye garbhasthasya brāhmaṇaḥ.

“The Brahmin is the staff in religion, in wealth, and in the kingdom, even while he is in the womb.”

dharme yatnataḥ rājann avidviṣann api ca puṣkalān

“O King, with effort in virtue, even hating much”

Dharma e kṣetre pravṛttasya vṛttam ājñāpayatu māṃ .

“Let Dharma inform me about the events occurred in this place.”

Dharme prathito rājā Dharmaḥ rājā guruh pitā.

“The king is well-established in Dharma, Dharma is the king, the preceptor and the father.”

sa ṛṣir vācaḥśreṣṭhāmṛtasyaāntimapādam

“That Rishi (Vyasa) spoke the best words, the last part of the immortal (Veda)”

sa ṛṣir vipra iti ca yaśca rājā ca devarātaḥ

“He was a sage, a priest and a king named Devarata.”

tato duḥkhataraṃ cintayannāste rukmaṇī sāmrājyam icchanniva ca .

“Then, thinking of something even more distressing, Rukmaṇī sat as if desiring sovereignty itself.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamabhyāḥ sagaraḥ paryabhi vavṛte tato rājā babhūva ha

“Then Sagar surrounded the white horses with the leaping creatures, then that king was (born) .”

dharme kṣetre jagato yat saptāsitaṁ vṛṣaṇāṁ vīrān ।

“The seven bulls, the heroes, who are on the field of Dharma, for the good of the world.”

dharmam் ca puṣkalam் vedān niṣevet |

“And one should diligently serve Dharma and the Vedas.”

Dharme kṣetre prayatnena manīṣiṇāṃ paripālanam.

“The learned ones, with effort, protect Dharma in the field.”

tataḥ śvetair abhirūḍho vai hayair aśvāyur aghāyanaḥ

“Then the killer of evil, having mounted a white chariot, yoked to white horses, having a long life span.”

dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre tad brāhmaṇāni vṛṣṇināḥ

“The Brahmins and the Vrishnis assembled in the field of Kurukshetra which was a place of Dharma.”

Tatah sutānāṃ pitṛṇāṃ ca dehāntarapravṛttānāṃ .

“Then (the king saw) his sons and fathers who had attained new bodies.”

tataḥ śutsnahyaḥ pitṛbhyāṁ pitāmahaḥ .

“Then Śuttsnahya, the Pitāmaha (great-grandfather) to his fathers,”

tataḥ śvete'śve mahatā vahninā sahadevena ca ।

“Then (Gangā) mounted the white horse accompanied by the powerful Agni and Sahadeva.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhi-vadat prahṛṣṭaḥ śastra-pāṇir giri-śreṣṭham

“Then Bhishma, with a delighted heart and armed, addressed the best of mountains.”

Dharmaḥ rakṣati rakṣitaḥ. Rakṣito 'birākṣati. Abhirakṣito 'birakṣīṣyate.

“Dharma protects the protector; the protected one protects in return; and the one who is well-protected will be well-protected.”

na tu tasyānuvrajato'sti kaścinme gataḥ ॥ ३२ ॥

“There is none who has followed him and returned to me.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata । Tathā dharmena sagarasya tuṣṭaḥ parituṣṭaḥ.

“Then Sagar turned to the white and jumping (fish) and then by Dharma (the son of Sagar was) pleased and highly pleased.”

Dharma e kṣetre jagataḥ sthite sarvabhūtāni samāhṛtya

“Having gathered all beings, when Dharma is established in the field.”

Tataḥ śatakraṭau dṛṣṭvā putraṃ garbha ivāparam ।

“Then, he saw his son in the embryo-like form in the thousand-eyed (Śatakraṭu, i.e., Indra).”

tato dharmaḥ pravavṛte yudhiṣṭhiraḥ swadharmataḥ

“Then Yudhiṣṭhira, from his own duty, began to speak about Dharma.”

tato duvāca bhīṣmo dharmarājaṃ mahāyaśaḥ

“Then Bhishma spoke to Yudhishthira, the king of Dharma, the great renown.”

tato dharmaḥ pravakṣyati dharmaṁ yaḥ sarvapravṛttim

“Then Dharma will proclaim the Dharma which is the basis of all actions.”

tataḥ śataguṇā varṇo viṃśatiguṇā rathottamḥ ।

“Then the best of chariots shone a hundred times more brightly than the colour (of the horses).”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhi-vadat kauravāṃ tvāṣṭi ca brāhmaṇān.

“Then Bhishma addressed the Kauravas and the Brahmanas headed by Tvastar.”

tato dharmarājasya rājā bṛhadṛtho mahābhujḥ.

“Then the great-armed king Bṛhadṛtha, the ruler of Videha, (went to) the King of Dharma.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ palaśebhyo nīlavṛkṣāya vanaspateḥ ।

“Then from the white Palāśa trees and the blue Nīla tree of the forest.”

tato dharmarājasya putro dhṛtarāṣṭrastv atha tanniśi

“Then, the son of Yama, Dharmarāja, namely Dhṛtarāṣṭra, on that night”

tato dharmarājyasya rājā janayat tvat . tat prajāsargaṃ vidadhat prajāpatiḥ ॥ ४४ ॥

“Then, the King, the Lord of Creation, created you for the sake of righteousness and the creation of people.”

tato duḥkhatarāṃ śokātigbhutāṃ samupāgamattadā

“Then he was suddenly overwhelmed by an extremely sorrowful and extraordinary grief.”

tataḥ śvetavrajo bhīmaḥ śvetā vṛṣabhā samāgamān

“Then Bhim, having white complexion, came with white bulls.”

tato draupadī dharmajñā pāṇḍavāste 'nupālayat

“Then, knowing the dharma, Draupadī did not disregard the Pāṇḍavas.”

tato draupadī dharmena pāṇḍavaiśca mahātmabhiḥ .

“Then Draupadī with the Pāṇḍavas, who were great souls, being overcome with grief,”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyāḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata dṛṣṭvā .

“Then Sagar, having seen the white monkeys.”

tato dharmasahitaḥ pārtho bhīmo bhīmabalaḥ sahā |

“Then Arjuna, accompanied by Yudhishthira, Bhima of immense strength, and Sahadeva.”

tato droṇācāryo vyāso dattvā śastrāṇi sarvaśaḥ

“Then Drona and Vyasa gave all the weapons.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhigamya rājā niṣādapatiṃ vadhīṣyan.

“Then Bhishma, having approached, the king will kill the lord of the Nishadas.”

Tato rāajā janayātāmasī sarvataḥ pāriplavaṃ punaḥ . Rājñā dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa yaḥ preritaḥ saḥ kariṣyati ॥

“Then, king, we will cause a universal flood; whatever was set in motion by king Dhritarashtra will transpire.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhigamya rājā nandanaṁ svāgataṁ vacaḥ

“Then Bhishma approached King Nandana and spoke words of welcome.”

Tataḥ śatakratuḥ tvāṣṭā puruhūtaḥ pavamānaḥ .

“Then the one who performs a hundred sacrifices, Tvastar, the all-pervading Puruhuta and Pavamana.”

tataḥ śvete 'śve mahatāṃ mahotsavaḥ

“Then on the white horse there was a great celebration of the great ones.”

tato bhīṣmo mahābāhuḥ śveto dhūmrāyudhaiḥ saha ।

“Then Bhishma, the great-armed, with Drona and Kripa went forth.”

tataḥ śatagatho rājā virāṭo janapadādhipaḥ

“Then the king Virata, ruler of the Matsyas, came to know.”

tato dharmasahito dharmajño drupado draupadeyān

“Then Drupada, accompanied by Dharmajña, addressed the Draupadeyas.”

tato dharmasahito rājā ṛṣim prapraccha dhārmikam.

“Then the king, accompanied by Dharma, asked the sage a question related to Dharma.”

tato duvāca pārthivān pāṇḍavo bhīma eva ca

“Then Bhim, the Pandava, spoke to the kings.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhya ākaṛṇayāmāsa saḥ

“Then he (Drona) made (the birds) out of white monkeys that could jump, with targets on their ears.”

Tataḥ śūraḥ pṛthivyā rājasūyena digvijayaḥ

“Then the conquest of the world was achieved through the Rājasūya sacrifice.”

sa tu dṛṣṭvā cedam vṛpadam mahatāṃ patim

“Having seen this great chief of wolves”

Tato dharmarājaḥ śṛṇu rājann viṣayān tvayā gatān

“Then, king, listen to the matters (of the kingdom) that have come to you.”

atha draupadī dharmajñā dṛṣṭvā mātulam āgatā'śṛpat.

“Then, having seen her maternal uncle, Droupadi, being aware of her duty, rushed to him.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ śṛṇvato vacanam

“Then, he heard the words from the white monkeys.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhyavartata nityaṃ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha pāṇḍukaḥ.

“Then Bhiṣma and Pāṇḍuka, were always present along with the Pāṇḍavas.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā ghorāṃ tāṃ divyāṃ cakriṇīṃ vrajām .

“Then (the cowherd) entered that fearsome divine cow-pen surrounded by a circular boundary.”

tataḥ śvetaiḥ aśvaiḥ mahatā vahni-nāśanau.

“Then (he rode) on a great white horse that was capable of consuming fire.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata nāma . rājā ॥ 71 ॥

“Then Sagar, the king, turned towards the white and jumping (monkeys).”

tato dharmarājaṁ samupasthāvayat prajāpatīnāṁ patiḥ

“Then the lord of the Prajapatis (Brahma) approached Dharma-raja.”

Tataḥ śuteyaḥ dhṛtavrataḥ dharmajaḥ

“Then the son of Shata, with vows undertaken, and born from righteousness”

Dhṛtarāṣṭras tu sa rājā dharmeṇa yatatām yuddham .

“King Dhritarashtra verily sought war through Dharma.”

atha rājā parantapaḥ sagaṇaḥ paryupastiṣṭaḥ

“The king, the slayer of enemies, then stood surrounded by his attendants.”

tataḥ śveto mukha-visphoṭād viciccheḍyata tena vai

“Then from his mouth a white thing burst out and was separated by him.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhivadat

“Then Bhishma spoke.”

tataḥ śatagatervipro vācaḥ śrutvā hṛdayena tam

“Then, having heard the words of Śatagarta with his heart”

tataḥ śvetavrajo rājā dhṛtavrṣo janaīśvaraḥ

“Then the king, Dhṛtavrṣa, with his white chariot, became the lord of the people.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ palāśebhyo niṣpalāśebhyo vṛṇīmahi

“Then from the white Palāśa trees we choose”

tato dharmasahito rājā draupadyā yācitaḥ prajāḥ.

“Then the king with Dharma, was asked by Draupadī about the people.”

atha rājā dhṛtarāṣṭras tu duryodhanāya prāha ha

“Then King Dhritarashtra spoke to Duryodhana.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ śṛṅgiṇaḥ parvatebhyas iti ।

“Then (the Sage) addressed (them) as the white monkeys, the leaping ones, and Śṛṅgin the mountain-dwellers.”

Dharma eva hi tātaś ca, svadharmaḥ paripaṇthināḥ.

“For one whose brother is killed in a cause of dharma; the path of one's own dharma is obstructed.”

tato dharmasahito rājā dhṛtavrato jānānganaḥ

“Then the king, accompanied by Dharma and with vows undertaken, addressed the people.”

Tatah śvetā'śvā vahnyastasya diśi diśi cāgniṁ śataṁ śataṁ sahasrāṇiṁ colmukān

“Then a hundred, a hundred, and thousands of white horses and fires, and a hundred sparks appeared in every direction.”

tato rājā janayat tān sarvān abhivadat

“Then the king begot all those and addressed them.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhigamya rājānāṃ sagaṇaḥ pitṛbhiḥ.

“Then Bhishma, accompanied by his ancestors, approached the kings.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo ditīyasya viryataḥ.

“Then the one having a hundred times more radiance appeared.”

tataḥ śuteyāṃstu tāṃ vācam aśravad gyāsaḥ.

“Then the sage Veda Vyāsa heard that (suspicious) speech.”

tato bhīmaseno bhīmo vṛkōdaro gadāyā yayau

“Then Bhīma, the mighty Bhīmasena, the Vṛkōdara, went with his club.”

tato dharmasahito rājā paryāptam idam abravīt.

“Then the king, accompanied by Dharma, spoke this.”

Tato bhīṣmo 'bhigamya rājā nandanaṁ vacanamabravīt .

“Then Bhishma approaching King Yudhishthira spoke these words.”

sa tvāṁ rājan kuru vaṃśān dṛṣṭvā tan nājānāsi

“Having seen the Kuru lineage, you do not know that.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sa-gaṇāṅgebhyā eva ca

“Then to the white monkeys with troops and attendants.”

tatsarvam uktvā ca pṛtṛṇāṃ pitaram prati

“Having spoken thus unto his father among the ancestors”

na tvahaṃ vedmi yad-vaktumarahīti na vedāhamimāṃ vāṇīm

“I do not know what I am speaking, nor do I know this speech”

S a evam uktvā tu janapadān dṛṣṭvā duḥkhitān. Kṛtsnam anusamṛtya tato vavre ha yataḥ.

“Having spoken thus, and seeing the people distressed, he then reflected on the whole matter, and chose his way.”

dharme sā dharmam āpnoti śyāmo harir iti śrutiḥ.

“In righteousness, one attains righteousness; this is the Vedic testimony that the dark-skinned Hari [is the embodiment of righteousness].”

Dharmaṇa yaśasā caiva nityamevāgraḥ sthitaḥ

“He is always situated foremost in terms of his duty and fame.”

Dharme yas tu mahatsvārājye'birato na vai .

“But he who is not attached to great sovereignty, that is to Dharma.”

Sa tu dṛṣṭvā tadviṣṇoḥ puruṣaṃ mahatāṃ pitṝṇām .

“And having beheld that great being of Viṣṇu, the father of the great ones,”

dṛtarāṣṭras tu mahataḥ putraśatasya pītāmahaḥ.

“Dṛtarāṣṭra is the grandfather of a hundred great sons.”

Dharma e dharmacāriṇāṃ variṣṭhaḥ satye satyapratibhānaśāni ca.

“Among those who follow Dharma, He who is the greatest; and in truthfulness, He who has a brilliant reputation.”

Dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre tasyāyaṃ vāṅ-vṛṇīta naḥ

“In the Dharma field, the Kuru field, him alone, we choose his word.”

sa ṛṣir vipra iti cedaṃhā pāṇḍavāgrajaḥ

“The eldest of the Pāṇḍavas referred to him as a sage and a brāhmaṇa.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhivadat prahṛṣṭo dharmarājaṃ tadā

“Then Bhishma, rejoiced, addressed Dharmaraja.”

Dharma eva hi tā vatāṃ śyām akṛtaṃ ca pāpam | śṛṇu rājan mahābhūtānī vṛṇuḥ

“In one who follows Dharma, no harm (tā) is done to any being and no sin (pāpam) is committed; listen, king, and then choose”

Dharma e Rājā ca Pāṇḍavāḥ śṛṇu Pāṇḍavaśreṣṭha tvayā sahā Pārthiva.

“The virtuous King and the Pandavas, best of Pandavas, listen; I will tell you.”

Dharme jaye satye ca ki me pārthivādhipa ।

“O king, what is my duty in righteousness, victory, and truth?”

tataḥ śvetottarāyaṇo 'bhavat tena deha-sthitena.

“Then, with his body still present, there occurred the transition to the golden age (or the Uttarayana, the period when the sun travels north).”

Dharmaṃ ca palayanti te puṇyaṃ caivāgraṇī . Sarvam eva āgraṇī ced vā edā vedavidāṃ varaḥ .

“They protect Dharma and Punya is their foremost; if all Vedas are foremost then He is the best of Veda-knowing persons.”

sa eṣa tu mahātejasāḥ pavitraḥ satyavāk yaśaḥ ।

“He is of great splendor, pure, truth-speaking and fame personified.”

Dharme yathāḥ-adhikṛtya vṛttam

“It happened that an effort was made in respect of Dharma.”

sa tu dṛṣṭvā tad gokulaṃ ca dehināṃ . niṣīdyā rājā pṛcchāmāsa vṛpaḥ ॥

“Having seen that, and the cow-herd's settlement, the king sat down and questioned the wolf.”

Dharme yattnaḥ samupalabhyate ca yatnena dharmaḥ prapadyate

“By effort, one attains to Dharma, and Dharma attained, protects with effort.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaṇābhyāḥ ।

“Then to the white monkeys with attendants.”

Dharme yatnaḥ satatam śreyaḥ kim anusartayā । Na hi kaścin manuṣyāṇāṃ dharmād ṛte hi niṣkṛtiḥ ॥

“Is constant effort in righteousness the best, and what is the benefit of following it, for there is no escape for men except through dharma.”

tataḥ śvete 'bhirūḍho rathe dadhyañca iva dvipaḥ.

“Then the white (horse) mounted the chariot like Dadhyañca (the Aśvin) on (the back of) a tortoise.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sumahatā vavṛte ॥ १२० ॥

“Then the great one chose the white monkeys.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ śveto vāyura-nusasrāma | tena devā abhi-praṇudantyad abhigamanāya kṛtam ||

“Then from the white horses a white wind arose, which the gods used to drive the chariot further.”

na tvat-pratipakṣo 'sti na tvat-samastathā । na tvat-prakṛṣṭād asti kaścid api sanātanaḥ ॥

“There is no one your equal, nor superior, nor even comparable to you, and none is superior to you.”

sa tu dṛṣṭvā tān rājñaḥ śvetavājinaḥ samāhitān

“Having seen them, the king with his white horses stood still.”

Dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre yuddhisthānam upāgamāt.

“The place of battle having arrived at the field of Kurukṣetra where Dharma resides.”

tataḥ śvetebhyāsturagebhyāḥ śataṁ ca dehi niścalam

“Then give one hundred firm white horses.”

Dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre divye dṛśyāyate kṣayi । Nāhaṃ prāṇato nūnam na hi suptasya sidhyati ॥

“It does not seem proper that I should either not fight or sleep while the field of Kurukṣetra, a sacred place of dharma, is being destroyed.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajāṃ hṛṣṭā vavṛte pārthivīṃ vṛthā । Na tu tāṃ prākṛtenāpi vācā mṛgyate naraḥ ॥

“Then in the white forest she happily roams in vain; no one seeks her even with a word in the common language.”

dharme yastu sa dharmajño yastu kāme ratiṃ ca tau । yāvevaṃ tāvevāgre sa nādiryate kadaicana ॥

“He who knows the dharma and he who takes pleasure in kama, both of them are considered foremost and are never disregarded.”

Tataḥ śatakra-tur-viśvato diśi dṛśyate . Na ca devā nāpi manuṣyā nato 'sti .

“Then the thousand sacrificer is seen on all sides; and there are neither gods nor men who are not bowing to him.”

tato duvāca bhīṣmo niṣādapatiṃ tadā

“Then Bhishma spoke to the king of the Nishadas.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata ।

“Then Sagar turned to the white monkeys.”

tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo ditya iva pariprabhaḥ.

“Then with a hundred times more brilliance, like the sun, He shone.”

Tataḥ śvetavāhakano rathena divyena śobhanaḥ.

“Then, having a white vehicle, He rode a divine and magnificent chariot.”

sa rājā bṛhadratho rājye putraṁ hīnaḥ putravat-sambhavam

“That King Bṛhadratha, who was childless, performed a ceremony to beget a son like a man with a son.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajāṃ hṛṣṭā dṛṣṭvā durvacasḥ śiraḥ

“Then, on seeing the white-dressed and cheerful (Drona), Durvasa bowed his head.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ niṣpakṣebhyaḥ pārśvataḥ

“Then from the white, jumping and impartial sided ones.”

Tataḥ śataguṇā hota sphuṭad-gajagaṇānām .

“Then the sound was a hundred times that of the bursting of the elephant herd.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryabhavad-vasham

“Then Sagar ruled over the white monkeys”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ śveta vāyuratha nabhaḥ pali ।

“Then from the white (horses) a white wind and from the sky a pale (cloud) emerged.”

tato rājā janayatām avi tenāiva dṛṣṭaḥ purandaraịḥ

“Then the king was seen by the gods, having been looked at by them.”

tato rājā janayat tān putrān dharmeṇa yathāguṇam

“Then, the king begat those sons in accordance with their qualities and Dharma.”

parantu tasya rāje ndro na kurūṇāṁ vṛddhirabhavat् ।

“But that king was not the eldest of the Kuru lineage.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhi-vadat kauravāṃ tvāṣṭi ca sapta-ti

“Then Bhishma addressed the Kauravas, eighty-seven in number, including Drona.”

tataḥ śatakratāv dṛṣṭvā putraṁ garbhe 'vasthitaṁ tada

“Then having seen his son in the womb of Śacī, at that time.”

na tu tasyānuvartante vṛttenā ca yathāvidhi.

“But they do not follow him according to the method, and his example.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhigamya rājānāṃ sagaṇaḥ samūham.

“Then Bhishma approaching the assembly of kings with their retinues.”

tataḥ śvetottaraḥ paryagṛhṇāt prajāpatīnāṃ patiḥ

“Then the lord of Prajapatis, having white (or shining) upper garment, took (the Gandharva) by surrounding.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajā vṛddhā yayau dharmeṇa yathāgatam .

“Then the old woman with the white dress went in accordance with what had come to her by Dharma.”

Tataḥ śarad ṛtum prāpte ārtavam ca tataḥ punaḥ.

“Then came the autumn season, and thereafter the winter season.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyāḥ sindhave taṭavartīṃ avatīrya

“Then descending to the shore of the ocean from the white island-dwellers and from the leaping monkeys”

na tvayā dattaṃ iti cedvacanaṃ vācyamidaṃ naḥ ।

“If it was not given by you, then this statement should not have been made by us.”

Tataḥ śvetottareṇa Himavāntena ca yaḥ paraḥ । Tena hi Droṇo Adityā Nadiṇāṃ patirabravīt ॥

“Then, Drona, the lord of rivers, addressed the Sun, who was on the other side of the white and snow-capped Himavant.”

yaccedam asi vaiśampāyana māste dattam atho dayā

“And if, Vaiśampāyana, this [knowledge] has not been given to you, then it is out of compassion [that I impart it to you].”

tataḥ śvetavrajāṃ hlādinīṃ ca tāṃ ca muktāphalamālinīm

“Then (the Ganges) having a white garland, and delighting (all), and having a garland of pearls.”

tataḥ śṛṇvan mahate vayaḥsahasreṇa vāvṛdhe

“Then, as he listened, his age increased by a thousand years.”

tataḥ śutavyaatāṃ prāha vāyvyo vāyuvannmukhaḥ

“Then the Vāyu-like messenger spoke to Śutavya.”

Tataḥ śvetaiśva mahīṣīṃ samāropya drutaṃ yayau .

“Then, having mounted the white chariot, he quickly departed.”

Tataḥ śvetaiḥ aśvai mahīṣī samārūḍhe tayor yayātuḥ purato 'tha sītaḥ.

“Then on white horses Yayaatu and Suta rode ahead of the mahishi.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ saṅgame lomaśaḥ ।

“Then Lomaśa, with the white monkeys, arrived at their meeting place.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sumahātanayaḥ

“Then from the white monkeys with great sons”

Tataḥ śvetavrajaṃ dṛṣṭvā dadḥvācyutamabravīt .

“Then, having seen the white-dressed one, he spoke to the unerring one.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ pitṛbhyāḥ svebhyāḥ prajābhūtaḥ

“Then, having originated from the white monkeys, from the leaping ones, from his own ancestors”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ saṅgamaḥ parvata-kandará́t.

“Then from the white monkeys in the mountain cave came the meeting.”

tataḥ śutvā tu pārthivān gṛhītvā jagāma vai .

“Then, having heard, he took the princes and went.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata । cakāra pathaḥ pravṛttaḥ pṛthivyā rathena vai ॥

“Then Sagar turned to the white and jumping (horses) and having started on the path to the earth with a chariot.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā dṛṣṭvā bhārīm atīṃ paryupāgṛhīt .

“Then, having seen Bhāratī, he, Śvetavrajā, drew near her.”

tataḥ śvetavāhano rājā dhṛtarāṣṭro tu vai pituḥ

“Then the king with the white horses, Dhritarashtra, the father”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ savarcanasaḥ

“Then from the white monkeys with equal brilliance,”

Tataḥ śvetottaraḥ śikhaḥ sahasrāṃśuḥ tamaḥ sahasravarcāḥ.

“Then from the darkness a thousand-rayed brilliant white light emerged.”

na tvayā datta-miti ced vakṣyāmi kimu vācyam

“If it has not been given by you, what then should I say?”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata ।

“Then Sagar turned towards the white and jumping (monkeys).”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ pavanehindriyehyaḥ

“Then from the white monkeys with the power to leap and with the wind-like senses”

Tataḥ śūra upāgamāt tūrṇaṃ gajam atha rājanah .

“Then the hero quickly approached the elephant, and the king.”

Dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre yuddhyā draupadī sāṃprata ।

“Now Draupadi is ready to fight in the field of Kurukṣetra where Dharma resides.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartatādṛṣirvaśiṣṭḥ

“Then Sagar, the sage, turned to the white and jumping (fish) and asked (for their help)”

tataḥ śataguṇā vṛddhā hyāsīdvṛddho yuyutsayā .

“Then, he was hundred times more elderly than Yuyutsā.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyo niṣīdatāṁ yuyutsaḥ.

“Then, Yuyutsu sat down on the white ascetic's (ascetics') hermitage mats.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā vyāso jagāma śibiram prati .

“Then, clad in white, Vyāsa went towards the camp.”

tataḥ śvetavrātā ṛṣiḥ pravavau pārvatīm nādīm .

“Then the sage Śvetavrata flowed into the river Pārvatī.”

dharme jāyadvāreṇa tena dṛṣṭā dṛṣadviṣā .

“By Dharma, with the vision born from wisdom, he saw the seeker of vision.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa varṇaḥ śatāṃśumān mahātapāḥ.

“Then (from the fire) arose a being with a hundred times (more) brilliance, a hundred times (more) splendor, and great tapas.”

na tvāṃ na tvāṃ śakto'haṃ vande nāhaṃ tvāṃ śaktaḥ stavitum | na tvāṃ dṛṣṭo na dṛṣṭvāṃ na tvāṃ śṛṇve na śṛṇomi tvām

“I am not capable of praising you, nor have I seen you, nor do I hear you.”

tataḥ śataguṇa vardhamāno lakṣaguṇa iva tadvaśī.

“Then, as if the very earth were under his control, he grew a hundredfold and even a thousandfold.”

dharma-sya tv aharata-śāstrasya brāhmaṇasya ca sarvaśaḥ.

“Of religion and of the science of dharma, and of the Brahmanas, in all respects.”

Tataḥ pravṛtto mahān himavān parvato yathā

“Then, as if the great Himavat mountain had come forward”

tataḥ śvetebhyo vṛṣabhebhyaḥ pañcādaśebhyāḥ

“Then from the white and fifteen bulls.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā vīṛāḥ praviveśa tato nagarīm.

“Then the heroes in white robes entered that city.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata

“Then Sagar turned towards the white and jumping- like creatures.”

yatprāṇanāyāstivṛtaḥ praviśet

“That by which the threefold (trivṛtaḥ) vital breath enters.”

tato duroyodhanaḥ visasarja ca pāṇḍavān ।

“Then Duryodhana banished the Pāṇḍavas.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo vavṛdhe sahasragocaraḥ.

“Then the one with a hundredfold radiance grew, having a thousandfold range.”

S a evam uktvā tu mahātmā visasarja jagatām.

“Having spoken thus, the great-souled one (Vyāsa) created the world.”

tataḥ śataguṇā vardhamāno vṛkṣo'tha sahasraśaḥ ।

“Then the tree, which was growing hundredfold, grew thousandfold.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata tāṁ yajñārthe suduṣkarāṁ tadā

“Then Sagar, for the sake of the sacrifice, turned to the white and jumping (horses) which was then extremely difficult to accomplish.”

tato bhīṣmo mahābāhuḥ śvetaḥ vāsa-yutaḥ śriyā .

“Then Bhishma, the great-armed, white and adorned with splendor, appeared.”

tataḥ śataguṇā vardhamāno vāyavyo vṛściko rudraḥ

“Then, Rudra, having a hundred times more intense power, who is connected with the wind, and who is fierce, appeared.”

tataḥ śatakratum upāgamya drupado draupadī ca tāṁ gṛhān

“Then Drupada and Draupadī went to the house of Śatakratu.”

na tu śakyó 'bivaktum vaktum

“It is not possible to speak or to recount.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā vṛddhā śvetobhrāsvatā śikhaḥ.

“Then the old man with white hair and dressed in white appeared with a shining white crest.”

Tatah śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaro mahiṣavān । Rājā babhūva puruṇyaḥ kāśyaḥ kaśyapa ātmavān ॥

“Then from the white monkeys and from the great leap-possessing ones was born Sagar, the powerful; and from Purusha was born Kasha, the powerful, son of Kashyapa.”

tataḥ śagvaḥ praviveśa tāṃ nagarī dharmarājyāṃ purī.

“Then Shagva entered that city, the capital of Dharma.”

Tataḥ śvetottarāyaṇena rājā pārthivānāṃ varaḥ

“Then by a northern course of the Sun the king, the best of rulers, ”

dharmakṣetre kuru-kṣetre tasyānuṣṭhāya tāṁ vācī pitaro vadata.

“At that moment, while Dhṛtarāṣṭra stood on the field of righteousness, the Kuru elders uttered these words.”

tataḥ śataguṇa vardhamāno 'bhavat tena vai pitṛ́n .

“Then by him (the fire) grew a hundredfold, and thereby the ancestors.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sindhavaḥ diśi paryupasthite

“Then to the white monkeys standing around in every direction”

tataḥ śatakraṭau dṛṣṭvā dṛṣṭvā dharmaṃ ca pauruṣam

“Then, having seen (the enemy) with a hundred sacrificial rites and seen virtue and manliness”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyāḥ śṛṇvān śabdān mahāmṛdhe

“Then, in the great war, he heard sounds from the white monkeys.”

Tataḥ śvetavato nāma purāṃ dṛṣṭvā divyāyanah.

“Then, having seen the divine city named Śvetavati, ”

na tvahaṁ kāmaye rājyaṁ na svargo nāpi mokṣaḥ । na cāhaṁ pārvatīyasya karavāṇi kadacana ॥ 209 ॥

“I do not desire kingdom, nor heaven, nor liberation; and I shall never do it for the son of Pārvatī.”

tataḥ śataguṇā vardhamāno vāyuryathā pavanaḥ punaḥ

“Then, growing a hundredfold, like the wind that again blows”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ śaṅkhān ninādayat sahasraśaḥ。

“Then he loudly blew thousands of conches at the white-faced monkeys.”

tato dharmarāja stūrṇamutthāya yuyutsayā ।

“Then Dharma-raja (Yama) quickly got up to go to the one who was eager to fight.”

Dharmaṃ ca puṣpam Atharvavedaś ca haṣṭe

“The Dharma and the Atharvaveda are in his hand”

atha dāśarājān yuddhāya samupa sthitān

“Then the ten kings, prepared for battle, stationed themselves”

na tvāṃ na tvāṃ parināndiṣyāmi nityaṃ nirviruddhaḥ । nityaṃ dīptāgni-saṃnibho'smi bhūtaṃ bhaviṣyacca yat ।

“I will never praise you, for I am constantly opposed; I am like a constantly burning fire, both existent and future.”

Tataḥ śvete 'śve mahatā vāhinīṁ samupāgamāt

“Then from the great white horses, the army came near.”

atha rājā yudhiṣṭhiro dharmarājo vāyuvas ca ।

“Then King Yudhiṣṭhira, the Lord of Dharma, and Vāyu's son.”

tataḥ śvetebhyo rukmavarṇebhyo eva ca

“Then from the white and shining ones only.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ prāvavartata.

“Then Sagar went to the white and jumping (fish-like) creatures.”

na tu tasya anuvrajatāṃ tvayi tiṣṭhatsu yuyutsavaḥ .

“The desire to fight does not exist in those who follow him, while you are present.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamēbhyāḥ saṅgamaḥ

“Then, there was an assembly of white monkeys.”

tameva cādhigamyaahamutsṛjya mama dehajāān .

“And having obtained him, I will abandon my bodily relations.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa vardhamānaḥ śataśoktiviśadabāndhavaḥ

“Then (the Kuru lineage) increasing hundredfold, with hundredfold strength and glorious relatives.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ saguṇān vīta-guṇān ca yān.

“Then from the white monkeys, both those with and without qualities,”

sa tu dṛṣṭvā svayaṁ māteraṁ mātulāneva ca ।

“He himself having seen his mother and maternal uncle.”

śrutvā tu tāṃ vacanaśreṇīṃ rājā vismito bṛśam .

“Having heard that series of words the king was extremely astonished.”

tataḥ śvetavrajam āsthāya gurum eva upagamya ca

“Then taking to the white forest, straightway going to the preceptor”

Tataḥ śvetavrajaṁ dṛṣṭvā tāṁ yayāti mithoktavān .

“Then, having seen her (with white garments), Yayāti spoke to her in a wrong way.”

Tataḥ śvetottareṇa mahatā vāyavyena cāpareṇa .

“Then with the great white (horse) on the right and the wind-born ( horse) on the left.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamēbhyāḥ sahasraśaḥ prādurabhūt tamaḥ ।

“Then from the white monkeys appeared a huge darkness.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyāḥ śṛṇvato 'sakṛd vacanam

“Then He, having heard repeatedly the words of the white monkeys.”

tataḥ śvete 'śve mahatā vahninā sahadevena ca

“Then on the white horses, with the great fire and Sahadeva.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo dityaḥ daivasakho dadṛśa । Cakāra Pāṇḍavāstatra Drupadas tatpurandaraḥ ॥

“Then, with a hundred times more brilliance, the radiant Ditya, the divine friend, appeared; Drupada, the ruler of that region, beheld the Pandavas there.”

tataḥ śataguṇā vardhamāno gandho janayatāṃ priyaḥ

“Then the most dear fragrance that increases hundredfold was produced.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyāḥ śṛṇvatoḥ puṇyakarmaṇaḥ

“Then, the doer of good deeds, hearing from the white monkeys”

taḥ śataguṇaḥ varṇaḥ śatena prāvṛṇāt paraḥ.

“Then a hundred times more intense color covered Him on all sides.”

Tataḥ śataguṇā vardhamānaḥ sahasraguṇo 'bhavat. Tataḥ śaṅkumati garbha-tḥ pumāṃsa-sṛjat pumāṃ ॥

“Then the being, capable of growth, increased a hundredfold and then a thousandfold; and then Pumāṃs, having Śaṅkumati as his mother, created a son.”

yatprāṇahatyaāya māhateyāt ca vigarhanam ।

“Censure of violence leading to killing of lives and of arrogance.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyāḥ śataśaḥ prāṇa hatāhatāḥ

“Then monkeys by hundreds were being killed, some with their lives lost and others wounded.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata ।

“Then Sagar turned to the white and jumping monkeys.”

tataḥ śvetottamagato ratho divyena ca dhanuṣā.

“Then his best white horse-drawn chariot came, along with a divine bow.”

tataḥ śatagguṇa varṇo vavre tasya mahātmanaḥ

“Then a hundred times more brilliant than that, the great-souled one assumed a colour.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyāḥ śṛṇvān dṛṣṭvā ca pauruṣam

“Then, hearing and seeing their manly prowess, ”

tataḥ śvetebhyo rukmavarṇebhyo vāyavyebhyo 'śvibhyāṃ

“Then from the white horses, from the golden horses, from the horses born of the wind and from the Ashvins”

na tvayā kāryam idaṃ aprajasya nāviṣahsyasi na ca rājaputreṇa .

“This (war) should not be done by you; you will not be able to bear it, nor will a prince.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ pratīpavān.

“Then Sagar, the lord of the ocean, was born to the white and jumping (horses).”

tataḥ śatagguṇa vardhamāno rāvaṇo rākṣasādhipaḥ

“Then, Ravana, the lord of Rakshasas, grew by a factor of one hundred.”

tataḥ śataguṇaḥ varṇaḥ śatāṃśuṣtadguṇaḥ tathā । arjuno 'rjuna-vatsaḥ stu vṛṣṇiḥ tu vāsudevaḥ ॥

“Then (he who has) a hundred times the colour and a hundred times the qualities (of Vasudeva) is Arjuna, and he who is born of Vrishni is Vasudeva.”

tataḥ śvetottareṇa divi devapathaṁ vavṛdhe

“Then with a white umbrella in the sky he shone on the path of the gods.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa vardhamānaḥ śatena vavṛdhe tadā.

“Then, growing hundredfold, he increased by a hundred.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sumahāvibhyāḥ

“Then from the white monkeys with huge bodies,”

Tataḥ śvetairābhyāgato hastī paramapitāmahaḥ.

“Then the most ancient ancestor Hastī came to them on a white vehicle.”

Tataḥ śataguṇā vardhamāno janayāmāsa Himavān.

“Then the hundredfold increasing Himavān produced.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sudarśano nāma vijayyate nāma ।

“Then from the white monkeys, (there was) one named Sudarśana, whose very name ensured victory.”

tataḥ śvetebhyo vṛṣabhebhyaḥ śataṁ dadau sahasraśaḥ । putrebhyaḥ pitṛbhyā āśecca śāntim atha bhūpatiḥ ॥

“Then the king gave hundred of white bulls in thousand, to his sons and ancestors, and then wished for peace.”

tataḥ śvetayugaṃ dṛṣṭvā manvantaraṇi ca sarvaśaḥ.

“Then, having seen the Golden Age and all the Manvantaras.”

sa evam uktvā tu munaye tvidaṁ vacana-brahma paripatyadhenumadaḥ

“Having thus spoken, the Brahmin, having abandoned the eulogized speech, left (the place) with his cow.”

na tu gauraveṇa mahatā ca deho na āyunā

“The body is not determined by physical strength or longevity.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā rājā dhṛtarāṣṭrastvathāgataḥ

“Then King Dhritarashtra, wearing a white robe, came to the place”

tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo vavau sahasravargāṃ tu ॥ १-२६० ॥

“Then a hundred-fold (blowing of) conch shells and a thousand-fold (blowing of) trumpets sounded.”

tataḥ śvetavrajam āsīnān ṛṣīn dṛṣṭvā yayaū ca tān

“Then, having seen the ṛṣis sitting in the white grove, he went to them.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajaṃ dṛṣṭvā tāṃ ca kṛtyāṃ ca dhīmanām .

“Then, having seen the white-dressed (Kṛṣṇa) and the wise (Draupadī),”

tataḥ śvetavrajā nāma tuṣṭuve cāgratastvayā

“Then, Śvetavrajā praised you standing before you.”

tato bhīṣmo 'bhivadat sutaṁ rājaṁ ca pāṇḍavam

“Then Bhishma addressed the prince and the Pandava.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ praviveśa yamunām ।

“Then Sagar entered the Yamunā with his white horses.”

tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo vavṛdhe sahasrakiraṇaḥ。

“Then the colourful (rainbow) expanded a hundredfold, with a thousand rays.”

tataḥ śāstrāṇi mahate vṛṇīmaha ityudāhṛtya vacanamidaṃ uktavantau

“Then, citing a śāstra, they said: 'We choose for the great one'”

pitṛṇām api cādhiīśa tan me brūhi gṛham astu me

“Tell me, O Lord, about my father’s kingdom, and let my home be there.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ sagaraḥ prādurabhavattaḥ ।

“Then from the white monkeys arose Sagar.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajo rājā dhṛtarāṣṭrastv asācata.

“Then the king Dhritarashtra with his white army faced him.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sumahate vāyavyebhyaḥ eva ca

“Then from the white, jumping and great wind-born monkeys.”

na tu tasya anuvartante yatas tvāṃ prapatsyase

“But they do not follow him from whom you will obtain (the kingdom).”

Tataḥ śvetavrajāṃ vāsiniṃ vedāhamiti niścalam ।

“Then I know for certain that she who dwells in the white forest, ”

taṭaḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamēbhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata tāṃ sagaropamāḥ

“Then Sagar, like a second Sagar, surrounded that region with his white and fleet-footed horses.”

na tvayā dattaṃ na tu mayā nāyamastvāgrahaḥ ।

“This was not given by you, nor by me; it is not a fact, nor a resolve.”

Tataḥ śvetavraṇo rājā rurōda glānahr̥dayaḥ

“Then the king, Śvetavrana, lamented with a fainted heart.”

Parastād api ca dṛṣṭvā nānupaśyati yo janah. Saḥ paśyann api na paśyati yaḥ pūrvam anupaśyati.

“One who does not see even when looking, and does not see what was previously seen, is not seeing even if seeing.”

Tameva dṛṣṭvā mahate vṛṇvante Drupado rājā pitā tava dadhou tvāṃ putram ॥

“Having seen him alone, the great Drupada, your father, chose you as his son.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ śveto hiraṇmayaḥ puruṣaḥ.

“Thence, from the white ones, came a white, golden-hued person.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ sagaraḥ pitṛbhaktimān . Nīṣīdyā rājā prāha śirasā saha taiḥ pitṛn ॥

“Then Sagar, with devotion to his ancestors, sitting down, bowed his head with them and spoke to his ancestors.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajo nāma gobrāhmaṇo mahābalaḥ.

“Then a powerful Brahmin named Śvetavraja appeared.”

tataḥ śutudruḥ pavamāno drutam utpalam atho nagaḥ

“Then Śutudru swiftly blew the conch shell; and then the trees shook.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sumahāvalīḥ । Rājā vi prathito jigye 'tibaliṇaḥ ॥

“Then the great and powerful king jumped over the very powerful white monkeys.”

Tataḥ śṛṇvan idaṁ vākyaṁ mumoca śokajaṁ nabhaḥ . Ābālavṛddhasametasya janasya hṛdayaṁ vismayamāgamāt .

“Then, as he heard these words, the sky released its sorrow-born (shower), and the hearts of all people, young and old, were filled with wonder.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ pṛthīvīṁ vibhājyaṣva । Etāṁstāṁ ca rājñaḥ śvetān plavaṅgāmśca sarvataḥ.

“Then Sagar divided the land on all sides among the white and the jumping (or flying) creatures.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sumahān samudro vinad vāruṇaḥ.

“Then, the great ocean, Varuni, roared, as if addressing the white monkeys.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā vṛddhā śvetobhruvaṁ samīkṣya tu .

“Then the old woman with white clothes, on seeing Śvetabhrū, ”

Tataḥ śvetottareṇa śikhaṇḍinaḥ paryavravītaḥ.

“Then he surrounded Śikhaṇḍin by a white antelope hide.”

tataḥ śvetavrajaṃ dṛṣṭvā mahatā vismito yayātuḥ

“Then, having seen the white-dwelling, Yayātu was greatly astonished.”

Tataḥ śvetottaraṃ mahābhujam rājā Drupado ’thāha .

“Then King Drupada said to him with a white upper garment and great arms.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā vṛddhā śatāyur-vatūr-āhavaḥ

“Then appeared a white-clad, aged, hundred-year-old bull, a symbol of virility.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sañjāyate madhunā madhuḥ

“From the white, jumping creatures then, the honeyed sweetness is produced.”

tataḥ śvetavrajāṃ hṛṣṭāṃ hṛpsarāḥ paryupāsata ।

“Then the Hṛpsaras surrounded the delighted Śvetavrajā.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaro mahatā yuyutsurḥ ।

“Then, Sagar, who was very eager to fight, faced the white monkeys.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajā vīrāḥ Pāṇḍavāśca mahābalāḥ .

“Then the powerful Pāṇḍavas, whose army was marked by white standards, ”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sindhave sāgaraputrebhyaḥ

“Then to the white monkeys, to the long-jumping ones, to the sons of the ocean”

Tataḥ śvetaiḥ abhyāgato rathe sthitvā dharmarājñaḥ

“Then, having mounted his chariot, Yudhishthira, the king of dharma, came facing the white (horses)”

tataḥ śvetāyano rājā harivakṣaḥ prajāpatiḥ.

“Then Śvetāyana, the king, the lord of created beings, and named Harivakṣa.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajā ghorā virāṭo rājaputra-vān .

“Then the powerful Virata, the king with a white chariot and a son, appeared.”

tataḥ śataguṇā vardhamāno devāstreṇāgninā saha.

“Then, growing a hundredfold, he along with Agni shone with divine weapons.”

tataḥ śvetavato hṛṣṭvā śālagāmād vibhūtataḥ

“Then having Hrishtavya, born from Shalagrama and with great power,”

tataḥ śvetottaraḥ pārtho viddhyasi śikharāgraḥ

“Then having shot the white-feathered arrow, Pārtha pierced (the target) on its top.”

tataḥ śatagatho rājā vṛkṣāyur api cāgraḥ

“Then king Shata-gatho and Vriksha-ayu also went ahead.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyāḥ sañjāyate tattadvikārebyaḥ.

“Then from the white monkeys are born various creatures according to their kinds.”

Tataḥ śvetavraṇo rājā cakāra śaraṇaṁ mahat

“Then the king with the white scars made a great resort”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgebhyaḥ niṣīdatām

“Then let there be sitting (or rather, let them sit) on the white island-dwellers.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo vavṛdhe tena dṛṣṭataḥ . Haridaśvenā saṃyuktaḥ sapta-sapta mahiṣoddhamaḥ .

“Then a being of a hundred colours appeared before him, joined to a golden chariot, and surrounded by seven hundred mighty buffaloes.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ saṅgamaḥ

“Then with the white monkeys there was an union.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ paryavartata yatpravṛttaṃ ca teṣāṃ ca ।

“Then Sagar turned to the white and jumping ( monkeys ) and asked what had happened to them.”

tataḥ śvete'śve mahatā vahninā sahadevena ca ।

“Then on the white horse, with the mighty Agni and Sahadeva.”

tataḥ śvetavrajaṃ dṛṣṭvā taṃ veda-vidāḥ kratavaḥ ।

“Then, having seen that white encampment, (he beheld) those Veda-knowing sacrificers.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā vīraḥ śvetāśvā mātule 'vaśāt

“Then from the lineage of white-complexioned people, came the heroic white horses born under the control of Mātṛ (or Vindhya region).”

Tataḥ śvetair abhyāgato rathe sthitvā dṛtarāṣṭras tu vai

“Then Dṛtarāṣṭra having mounted his chariot came to the place on white horses.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ saghṛtebhyo niḥsṛpatprabhuvaḥ.

“Then from the white horses with ghee, the Lord emerged.”

Tataḥ śvetavrātā yayau tvabhi-vadan pūrvam .

“Then the Śvetavrāta went, having first greeted you.”

Tataḥ śveto bhrājate mahāsvaṇiḥ śyenaḥ śanaiḥ parvatapratīkaḥ

“Then a white bird with a great noise, a falcon-like bird, slowly, appeared like a mountain.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ jvaladgibhir nipātyamānebhyaḥ

“Then from the white monkeys leaping and jumping and from the blazing rocks being thrown.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ śṛṇvatāṃ ca vacaḥ śiraḥ ॥

“Then (the sun) bowed his head in reverence to the white monkeys who were listening to his words.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyo rathebhyaḥ saptabhyāḥ sārathḥ pituḥ . Dṛṣṭvā ca tān nihiṭān tān athovāca yudhiṣṭhiram .

“Then the charioteer of his father, seeing them yoked, addressed Yudhiṣṭhira.”

sa tvāṃ rājan kuru-kṣetre gaṅgāyāṃ ca yathoditam

“You, O King, (are present) on the Kuru-kshetra (Kurukshetra) and on the Ganga, as (the Lord) has ordained.”

Tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sumahābalebhyaśca.

“Then from the white monkeys with great strength.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ śṛṅgiṇām api tāni ca ।

“Then (he saw) those (animals) with white (or shining) bodies, the jumpers, and also those with horns.”

tataḥ śvetebhyo rukmavarṇebhyo indrāyudhavat-prabhām.

“Then from the white horses with golden ornaments, (he saw) a brilliant light like that of Indra's bow.”

dharmasūtaṁ mahābāho dharmenaiva nigūḍhavāk

“The virtuous one speaks in accordance with Dharma, having truth as his sole basis.”

na tu gaṅgāṃ na ca kāśīkaṃ na jīvedvaḥ yaḥ smaretpitṝn

“He who remembers his ancestors does not live in vain, (even if he lives) neither on the Ganges nor in Kashi.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ saṅgamaḥ

“Then with the white monkeys there was an union.”

na tu śakyo mayā dṛṣṭuṁ tvayā saha yudhiṣṭhira ।

“It is not possible for me to see you, O Yudhiṣṭhira.”

sa ṛṣir nāma sa mahābhujaḥ । dṛptā haste gadā śastraṁ tu tasya niṣprabham ॥ ३२८

“That Rishi, who is known by name, was mighty; his club-like weapon shone not in his firm grasp.”

sa tu dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavāṃs tvāṃ yathoktaṃ śaśi śiraḥ ।

“He, having thus seen the Pāṇḍavas, bowed to you with his head, like the moon.”

tataḥ śvetavrajāṃ hṛṣṭām ṛṣabhāṃ daśa lakṣmaṇām

“Then he saw ten shining ones with a bull as their vehicle.”

Tataḥ śataguṇa varṇo yugānāṃ vṛttamucyate

“Then a hundred times the (foregoing) four varṇas are said to constitute a vṛtta (epoch) of the yugas.”

tataḥ śvetottaraḥ parvataḥ paśyann taṃ nagarī divi .

“Then the white mountain saw that city in the sky.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaṇān niśācarān .

“Then to the white monkeys with troops and night-rangers.”

tataḥ śvetavrajā vṛddhā śavaśāstrānusāriṇī.

“Then following the śāstra, she whose garment was white and who was old.”

tataḥ śutvā suduḥkhitḥ paryatiṣṭhat tato vṛkṣāt

“Then having heard, he (the boy) stood extremely distressed under the tree.”

Tataḥ śvetavatā nāma karṇādapi mahābalaḥ.

“Then (there was) Śvetavata by name, having great strength even more than Karṇa.”

tato bhīṣmo mahābāhuḥ śṛṇvān brāhmaṇavacanam

“Then Bhishma, the great-armed, listened to the Brahmin's words.”

tataḥ śastrāṇi divyāste haryśvasutāḥ pitṛḥ

“Then the divine weapons shone in the hands of the sons of the Sun God.”

tataḥ śvete 'śve mahatā vahninā sahadevena

“Then on a white horse, with the great fire and Sahadeva.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sañjātaḥ śāstre paribhāṣitaḥ । sa rājā so'asi sarvabhūtānāṃ tato jayaḥ svayameva te ॥ 340

“Then, from the white (or shining) ones and the leaping ones, the king, who is defined in the śāstra, is born; that king alone is you, and thus victory is yours.”

tataḥ śvetebhyas turagebhyāḥ śataṁ ca dehi niṣkṛtam

“Then give hundred gold coins to the white horses.”

yatprāṇanayaneṇa ca pāpmanā vismayotpattir yadi vā punaḥsthitā

“If by the eye, which takes hold of life, wonder arises due to evil (influence), or if (the evil) is restored.”

tato duvāca nakulaḥ tvaṁ tu kaḥ tvaṁ ca me pitā

“Then Nakula said: 'You are who and who is my father?'”

sa vai pāṇḍunandano dharmajo dharganishṭhitaḥ

“He, the son of Pandu, is born from Dharma and is firmly established in Dharma.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sagaraḥ prāviśāt tada ।

“Then Sagar entered the white and large Aśva (lit. ' horse-like ' but here used to refer to sea-crossing horses/vehicles ) .”

na tvam eva vṛthā rājan na tvaṁ vṛthā ca pārthive nūnaṁ pārthivo rājā hi lokānāṁ hitam icchati

“The king is not useless; nor are you; surely the king, who wishes well to his people, protects the people.”

na tvat-pratipakṣoʼaㅏsti na tvad-ripuḥ vidyate kva-cit.

“There is no one equal to you and no one your enemy anywhere.”

Tataḥ śvetavrajā vṛddhā sabhājayat pāṇḍavān .

“Then the old woman with white clothes honored the Pandavas.”

tataḥ śvetebhyaḥ plavaṅgamebhyaḥ sa sārathịḥ

“Then he along with his charioteer to the white monkeys”

tataḥ śvetāśve mahatā vahninā sahadevena ca .

“Then with the white horses, the great charioteer, with Vahni and Sahadeva.”

tataḥ śatakratuṃ dṛṣṭvā devāsuranamaskṛtam

“Then having seen Śatakratu, the gods and asuras bowed to him.”