Sanskrit Corpus

āhārastvapi sarvasya trividho bhavati priyaḥ । yajñastapastathā dānaṃ teṣāṃ bhedamimaṃ śṛṇu ॥

“And each man's favourite food too is threefold; offering, austerity, and giving likewise — hear this split of theirs.”

āyuḥsattvabalārogyasukhaprītivivardhanāḥ । rasyāḥ snigdhāḥ sthirā hṛdyā āhārāḥ sāttvikapriyāḥ ॥

“Lengthening life, being, strength, health, joy and love — juicy, mild, firm, heart-gladdening foods are dear to the good.”

kaṭvamlalavaṇātyuṣṇatīkṣṇarūkṣavidāhinaḥ । āhārā rājasasyeṣṭā duḥkhaśokāmayapradāḥ ॥

“Bitter, sour, over-salty, over-hot, sharp, harsh, burning foods are loved by the passionate, giving pain, grief and sickness.”

yātayāmaṃ gatarasaṃ pūti paryuṣitaṃ ca yat । ucchiṣṭamapi cāmedhyaṃ bhojanaṃ tāmasapriyam ॥

“Stale, tasteless, stinking, kept overnight, and leavings too, impure food is dear to the dark.”

aphalākāṅkṣibhiryajño vidhidṛṣṭo ya ijyate । yaṣṭavyameveti manaḥ samādhāya sa sāttvikaḥ ॥

“Offered by men who crave no fruit, seen by rule as due to be offered, with mind made steady — that offering is good.”

abhisaṃdhāya tu phalaṃ dambhārthamapi caiva yat । ijyate bharataśreṣṭha taṃ yajñaṃ viddhi rājasam ॥

“But offered eyeing fruit, and for show too, O best of Bharatas — know that offering as passionate.”

vidhihīnamasṛṣṭānnaṃ mantrahīnamadakṣiṇam । śraddhāvirahitaṃ yajñaṃ tāmasaṃ paricakṣate ॥

“Ruless, foodless, hymnless, feeless, faithless offering they call dark.”

devadvijaguruprājñapūjanaṃ śaucamārjavam । brahmacaryamahiṃsā ca śārīraṃ tapa ucyate ॥

“Worship of god, Brahmin, teacher and sage, purity, uprightness, celibate studentship, non-harming — this is called body-austerity.”

anudvegakaraṃ vākyaṃ satyaṃ priyahitaṃ ca yat । svādhyāyābhyasanaṃ caiva vāṅmayaṃ tapa ucyate ॥

“Speech that causes no trembling, true, dear and wholesome, and practice of study too — this is called voice-austerity.”

manaḥ prasādaḥ saumyatvaṃ maunamātmavinigrahaḥ । bhāvasaṃśuddhirityetattapo mānasamucyate ॥

“Cheer of mind, gentleness, silence, self-restraint, cleansing of being — this is called mind-austerity.”

śraddhayā parayā taptaṃ tapastattrividhaṃ naraiḥ । aphalākāṅkṣibhiryuktaiḥ sāttvikaṃ paricakṣate ॥

“This threefold austerity burned by men with highest faith, craving no fruit, yoked — they call good.”

satkāramānapūjārthaṃ tapo dambhena caiva yat । kriyate tadiha proktaṃ rājasaṃ calamadhruvam ॥

“Austerity done for honour, worship and reverence, and showily too — that is called here passionate, moving, unstable.”

mūḍhagrāheṇātmano yatpīḍayā kriyate tapaḥ । parasyotsādanārthaṃ vā tattāmasamudāhṛtam ॥

“Austerity done from a deluded grasp, tormenting the self, or to ruin another — that is called dark.”

dātavyamiti yaddānaṃ dīyate'nupakāriṇe । deśe kāle ca pātre ca taddānaṃ sāttvikaṃ smṛtam ॥

“A gift given as due to be given, to one who does no return favour, in place, time and to a worthy — that gift is deemed good.”

yattu pratyupakārārthaṃ phalamuddiśya vā punaḥ । dīyate ca parikliṣṭaṃ taddānaṃ rājasaṃ smṛtam ॥

“But given for return favour, or eyeing fruit again, and grudgingly — that gift is deemed passionate.”

adeśakāle yaddānamapātrebhyaśca dīyate । asatkṛtamavajñātaṃ tattāmasamudāhṛtam ॥

“A gift given out of place and time, and to unworthies, unhonoured, despised — that is called dark.”

oṃ tat sad iti nirdeśo brahmaṇas trividhaḥ smṛtaḥ । brāhmaṇās tena vedāś ca yajñāś ca vihitāḥ purā ॥

“The threefold designation of Brahman is Om, Tat, Sat; by That were the Brahmins, the Vedas, and the sacrifices ordained of old.”

tasmādomityudāhṛtya yajñadānatapaḥkriyāḥ । pravartante vidhānoktāḥ satataṃ brahmavādinām ॥

“So uttering Om, the enjoined rites of offering, giving and austerity ever proceed for Brahman-speakers.”

tadityanabhisandhāya phalaṃ yajñatapaḥkriyāḥ । dānakriyāśca vividhāḥ kriyante mokṣakāṅkṣibhiḥ ॥

“Uttering 'That', without eyeing fruit, rites of offering and austerity, and diverse rites of giving, are done by freedom-seekers.”

sadbhāve sādhubhāve ca sadityetatprayujyate । praśaste karmaṇi tathā sacchabdaḥ pārtha yujyate ॥

“In being and in good-being the word 'True' is used; and likewise in a praiseworthy deed the word 'true' is joined, O Pārtha.”

yajñe tapasi dāne ca sthitiḥ saditi cocyate । karma caiva tadarthīyaṃ sadityevābhidhīyate ॥

“Steadfastness in offering, austerity and giving is called 'true' too; and deeds for That are called 'true' alone.”

aśraddhayā hutaṃ dattaṃ tapastaptaṃ kṛtaṃ ca yat । asadityucyate pārtha na ca tatpretya no iha ॥

“Poured, given, burned in austerity, or done without faith is called 'untrue', O Pārtha — and it is nothing after death nor here.”

saṃnyāsasya mahābāho tattvamicchāmi veditum । tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthakkeśiniṣūdana ॥

“Of renunciation, O mighty-armed, I wish to know the truth, and of giving-up too, O Hṛṣīkeśa, O slayer of Keśin.”

kāmyānāṃ karmaṇāṃ nyāsaṃ saṃnyāsaṃ kavayo viduḥ । sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṃ prāhustyāgaṃ vicakṣaṇāḥ ॥

“Laying down wished-for deeds the poets know as renunciation; laying down the fruit of all deeds the discerning call giving-up.”

tyājyaṃ doṣavadityeke karma prāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ । yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyamiti cāpare ॥

“'Deeds must be given up as tainted,' say some thinkers; 'deeds of offering, giving, austerity must not be given up,' say others.”

niścayaṃ śṛṇu me tatra tyāge bharatasattama । tyāgo hi puruṣavyāghra trividhaḥ saṃprakīrtitaḥ ॥

“Hear My settlement on giving-up there, O best of Bharatas; giving-up, O tiger among men, is declared threefold.”

yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyaṃ kāryameva tat । yajño dānaṃ tapaścaiva pāvanāni manīṣiṇām ॥

“Deeds of offering, giving, austerity must not be given up — they must be done; offering, giving and austerity cleanse the thoughtful.”

etānyapi tu karmāṇi saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalāni ca । kartavyānīti me pārtha niścitaṃ matamuttamam ॥

“But even these deeds must be done laying down clinging and fruits — this, O Pārtha, is My settled highest view.”

niyatasya tu saṃnyāsaḥ karmaṇo nopapadyate । mohāttasya parityāgastāmasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ ॥

“Renouncing appointed deeds is not fitting; giving them up from delusion is called dark.”

duḥkhamityeva yatkarma kāyakleśabhayāttyajet । sa kṛtvā rājasaṃ tyāgaṃ naiva tyāgaphalaṃ labhet ॥

“Whoever gives up a deed thinking it pain, from fear of body-trouble — practising passionate giving-up, he wins no fruit of giving-up.”

kāryamityeva yatkarma niyataṃ kriyate'rjuna । saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalaṃ caiva sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ ॥

“But the appointed deed done thinking 'it must be done,' O Arjuna, laying down clinging and fruit too — that giving-up is deemed good.”

na dveṣṭyakuśalaṃ karma kuśale nānuṣajjate । tyāgī sattvasamāviṣṭo medhāvī chinnasaṃśayaḥ ॥

“He hates no luckless deed, clings to no lucky one — the giver-up, steeped in goodness, wise, his doubt cut.”

na hi dehabhṛtā śakyaṃ tyaktuṃ karmāṇyaśeṣataḥ । yastu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgītyabhidhīyate ॥

“For body-bearers cannot give up deeds wholly; but whoever gives up the fruit of deeds is called a giver-up.”

aniṣṭamiṣṭaṃ miśraṃ ca trividhaṃ karmaṇaḥ phalam । bhavatyatyāgināṃ pretya na tu saṃnyāsināṃ kvacit ॥

“Unwished, wished, and mixed — threefold is the fruit of deeds after death for non-givers-up, but never for renouncers.”

pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodha me । sāṃkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarvakarmaṇām ॥

“Learn from Me, O mighty-armed, these five causes declared in theory's settlement for the success of all deeds.”

adhiṣṭhānaṃ tathā kartā karaṇaṃ ca pṛthagvidham । vividhāśca pṛthakceṣṭā daivaṃ caivātra pañcamam ॥

“The seat, the doer, the means of many kinds, the several motions apart, and fate too as fifth here.”

śarīravāṅmanobhiryatkarma prārabhate naraḥ । nyāyyaṃ vā viparītaṃ vā pañcaite tasya hetavaḥ ॥

“Whatever deed a man starts with body, voice or mind, right or wrong — these five are its causes.”

tatraivaṃ sati kartāramātmānaṃ kevalaṃ tu yaḥ । paśyatyakṛtabuddhitvānna sa paśyati durmatiḥ ॥

“There, this being so, whoever sees the self alone as doer, from unwisdom — that ill-minded one does not see.”

yasya nāhaṅkṛto bhāvo buddhiryasya na lipyate । hatvā'pi sa imām̐llokānna hanti na nibadhyate ॥

“Whose being is not ego-made, whose thought is not stained — though slaying these worlds, he slays not and is not bound.”

jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ parijñātā trividhā karmacodanā । karaṇaṃ karma karteti trividhaḥ karmasaṃgrahaḥ ॥

“Knowledge, the knowable, the knower — the threefold spur to deeds; means, deed, doer — the threefold sum of deeds.”

jñānaṃ karma ca kartā ca tridhaiva guṇabhedataḥ । procyate guṇasaṃkhyāne yathāvacchṛṇu tānyapi ॥

“Knowledge, deed, and doer too are told threefold by split of qualities; in quality-theory hear them duly too.”

sarvabhūteṣu yenaikaṃ bhāvamavyayamīkṣate । avibhaktaṃ vibhakteṣu tajjñānaṃ viddhi sāttvikam ॥

“That knowledge by which one sees one changeless being in all beings, undivided in the divided — know as good.”

pṛthaktvena tu yajjñānaṃ nānābhāvānpṛthagvidhān । vetti sarveṣu bhūteṣu tajjñānaṃ viddhi rājasam ॥

“But that knowledge which by separateness knows varied states apart, manifold, in all beings — know as passionate.”

yattu kṛtsnavadekasminkārye saktamahaitukam । atattvārthavadalpaṃ ca tattāmasamudāhṛtam ॥

“But clinging to one task as if it were all, groundless, not as truth, and small — that is called dark.”

niyataṃ saṅgarahitamarāgadveṣataḥ kṛtam । aphalaprepsunā karma yattatsāttvikamucyate ॥

“Appointed, clingless, done without likes or dislikes, by one who seeks no fruit — that deed is called good.”

yattu kāmepsunā karma sāhaṃkāreṇa vā punaḥ । kriyate bahulāyāsaṃ tadrājasamudāhṛtam ॥

“But deed done by a craving seeker, or egoistical again, with much strain — that is called passionate.”

anubandhaṃ kṣayaṃ hiṃsāmanapekṣya ca pauruṣam । mohādārabhyate karma yattattāmasamucyate ॥

“Without weighing sequel, waste, harm, or strength, begun from delusion — that deed is called dark.”

muktasaṅgo'nahaṃvādī dhṛtyutsāhasamanvitaḥ । siddhyasiddhyornirvikāraḥ kartā sāttvika ucyate ॥

“Cling-free, saying not 'I', graced with resolve and zeal, unchanged in success and failure — the doer is called good.”

rāgī karmaphalaprepsurlubdho hiṃsātmako'śuciḥ । harṣaśokānvitaḥ kartā rājasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ ॥

“Passionate, seeking the fruit of deeds, greedy, harm-natured, impure, joined with joy and grief — the doer is famed passionate.”

ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭho naiṣkṛtiko'lasaḥ । viṣādī dīrghasūtrī ca kartā tāmasa ucyate ॥

“Undisciplined, vulgar, stubborn, cheating, spiteful, slothful, gloomy, long in thread — the doer is called dark.”