Major Upaniṣads3.85
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Sanskrit Corpus
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Major Upaniṣads3.86
यथोदकं शुद्धे शुद्धमासिक्तं तादृगेव भवति । एवं मुनेर्विजानत आत्मा भवति गौतम ॥
yathodakṃ śuddhe śuddhamāsiktṃ tādr̥geva bhavati | evṃ munervijānata ātmā bhavati gautama ||
“'As pure water poured into pure becomes the same, so becomes theknower's Self, O Gautama.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.87
पुरमेकादशद्वारमजस्यावक्रचेतसः । अनुष्ठाय न शोचति विमुक्तश्च विमुच्यते । एतद्वै तत् ॥
puramekādaśadvāramajasyāvakracetasḥ | anuṣṭhāya na śocati vimuktaśca vimucyate | etadvai tat ||
“'The eleven-gated city of the unborn, straight-minded one — ruling it, one grieves not; freed, one is freed. This indeed is that.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.88
हँसः शुचिषद्वसुरन्तरिक्षसद्होता वेदिषदतिथिर्दुरोणसत् । नृषद्वरसदृतसद्व्योमसद् अब्जा गोजा ऋतजा अद्रिजा ऋतं बृहत् ॥
hm̐sḥ śuciṣadvasurantarikṣasadhotā vediṣadatithirduroṇasat | nr̥ṣadvarasadr̥tasadvyomasad abjā gojā r̥tajā adrijā r̥tṃ br̥hat ||
“'The Swan dwelling in purity, in sky, in rite, on altar, guest in house; dwelling in men, in gods, in truth, in sky; born of waters, earth, truth, hills — truth, the great.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.89
ऊर्ध्वं प्राणमुन्नयत्यपानं प्रत्यगस्यति । मध्ये वामनमासीनं विश्वे देवा उपासते ॥
ūrdhvṃ prāṇamunnayatyapānṃ pratyagasyati | madhye vāmanamāsīnṃ viśve devā upāsate ||
“'It leads breath upward, casts down-breath downward; all gods worship the dwarf seated in the middle.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.90
अस्य विस्रंसमानस्य शरीरस्थस्य देहिनः । देहाद्विमुच्यमानस्य किमत्र परिशिष्यते । एतद्वै तत् ॥
asya visrṃsamānasya śarīrasthasya dehinḥ | dehādvimucyamānasya kimatra pariśiṣyate | etadvai tat ||
“'When this embodied dweller in the body slips off and is freed from the body — what remains here? This indeed is that.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.91
न प्राणेन नापानेन मर्त्यो जीवति कश्चन । इतरेण तु जीवन्ति यस्मिन्नेतावुपाश्रितौ ॥
na prāṇena nāpānena martyo jīvati kaścana | itareṇa tu jīvanti yasminnetāvupāśritau ||
“'No mortal lives by in-breath or out-breath, but all live by another whereon these two rest.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.92
हन्त त इदं प्रवक्ष्यामि गुह्यं ब्रह्म सनातनम् । यथा च मरणं प्राप्य आत्मा भवति गौतम ॥
hanta ta idṃ pravakṣyāmi guhyṃ brahma sanātanam | yathā ca maraṇṃ prāpya ātmā bhavati gautama ||
“'Come, I tell thee this hidden ancient Brahman, and how the Self fares, Gautama, meeting death.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.93
योनिमन्ये प्रपद्यन्ते शरीरत्वाय देहिनः । स्थाणुमन्येऽनुसंयन्ति यथाकर्म यथाश्रुतम् ॥
yonimanye prapadyante śarīratvāya dehinḥ | sthāṇumanye'nusṃyanti yathākarma yathāśrutam ||
“'Some enter wombs to take bodies; others follow the still — according to deeds, according to learning.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.94
य एष सुप्तेषु जागर्ति कामं कामं पुरुषो निर्मिमाणः । तदेव शुक्रं तद्ब्रह्म तदेवामृतमुच्यते । तस्मिँल्लोकाः श्रिताः सर्वे तदु नात्येति कश्चन । एतद्वै तत् ॥
ya eṣa supteṣu jāgarti kāmṃ kāmṃ puruṣo nirmimāṇḥ | tadeva śukrṃ tadbrahma tadevāmr̥tamucyate | tasmim̐llokāḥ śritāḥ sarve tadu nātyeti kaścana | etadvai tat ||
“'The Person who, fashioning desire after desire, wakes in the sleeping — that is the pure, that Brahman, that called immortal; on it all worlds rest; none passes beyond. This indeed is that.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.95
अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव । एकस्तथा सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बहिश्च ॥
agniryathaiko bhuvanṃ praviṣṭo rūpṃ rūpṃ pratirūpo babhūva | ekastathā sarvabhūtāntarātmā rūpṃ rūpṃ pratirūpo bahiśca ||
“'As one fire, entering the world, takes each form's likeness, so the one inner Self of beings takes each form's likeness, and is without.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.96
वायुर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव । एकस्तथा सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बहिश्च ॥
vāyuryathaiko bhuvanṃ praviṣṭo rūpṃ rūpṃ pratirūpo babhūva | ekastathā sarvabhūtāntarātmā rūpṃ rūpṃ pratirūpo bahiśca ||
“'As one wind, entering the world, takes each form's likeness, so the one inner Self of beings takes each form's likeness, and is without.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.97
सूर्यो यथा सर्वलोकस्य चक्षुः न लिप्यते चाक्षुषैर्बाह्यदोषैः । एकस्तथा सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा न लिप्यते लोकदुःखेन बाह्यः ॥
sūryo yathā sarvalokasya cakṣuḥ na lipyate cākṣuṣairbāhyadoṣaiḥ | ekastathā sarvabhūtāntarātmā na lipyate lokaduḥkhena bāhyḥ ||
“'As the sun, the eye of all the world, is untouched by outward eye-faults, so the one inner Self of beings is untouched by the world's sorrow, being without.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.98
एको वशी सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा एकं रूपं बहुधा यः करोति । तमात्मस्थं येऽनुपश्यन्ति धीराः तेषां सुखं शाश्वतं नेतरेषाम् ॥
eko vaśī sarvabhūtāntarātmā ekṃ rūpṃ bahudhā yḥ karoti | tamātmasthṃ ye'nupaśyanti dhīrāḥ teṣāṃ sukhṃ śāśvatṃ netareṣām ||
“'The one ruler, inner Self of beings, who makes one form manifold — the wise who behold him set in the Self have joy eternal, none other.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.99
नित्योऽनित्यानां चेतनश्चेतनानाम् एको बहूनां यो विदधाति कामान् । तमात्मस्थं येऽनुपश्यन्ति धीराः तेषां शान्तिः शाश्वती नेतरेषाम् ॥
nityo'nityānāṃ cetanaścetanānām eko bahūnāṃ yo vidadhāti kāmān | tamātmasthṃ ye'nupaśyanti dhīrāḥ teṣāṃ śāntiḥ śāśvatī netareṣām ||
“'The eternal among fleeting, the conscious among conscious, the one who grants desires among many — the wise who behold him set in the Self have peace eternal, none other.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.100
तदेतदिति मन्यन्तेऽनिर्देश्यं परमं सुखम् । कथं नु तद्विजानीयां किमु भाति विभाति वा ॥
tadetaditi manyante'nirdeśyṃ paramṃ sukham | kathṃ nu tadvijānīyāṃ kimu bhāti vibhāti vā ||
“'They deem this the highest joy, unspeakable. How may I know it — does it shine, does it shine forth?'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.101
न तत्र सूर्यो भाति न चन्द्रतारकं नेमा विद्युतो भान्ति कुतोऽयमग्निः । तमेव भान्तमनुभाति सर्वं तस्य भासा सर्वमिदं विभाति ॥
na tatra sūryo bhāti na candratārakṃ nemā vidyuto bhānti kuto'yamagniḥ | tameva bhāntamanubhāti sarvṃ tasya bhāsā sarvamidṃ vibhāti ||
“'There sun shines not, nor moon and stars, nor lightning — how then this fire? By his shining all shines after; by his light all this shines.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.102
ऊर्ध्वमूलोऽवाक्शाख एषोऽश्वत्थः सनातनः । तदेव शुक्रं तद्ब्रह्म तदेवामृतमुच्यते । तस्मिँल्लोकाः श्रिताः सर्वे तदु नात्येति कश्चन । एतद्वै तत् ॥
ūrdhvamūlo'vākśākha eṣo'śvatthḥ sanātanḥ | tadeva śukrṃ tadbrahma tadevāmr̥tamucyate | tasmim̐llokāḥ śritāḥ sarve tadu nātyeti kaścana | etadvai tat ||
“'Root above, branches below stands this ancient fig-tree; that is the pure, that Brahman, that called immortal; on it all worlds rest; none passes beyond. This indeed is that.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.103
यदिदं किं च जगत् सर्वं प्राण एजति निःसृतम् । महद्भयं वज्रमुद्यतं य एतद्विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥
yadidṃ kiṃ ca jagat sarvṃ prāṇa ejati niḥsr̥tam | mahadbhayṃ vajramudyatṃ ya etadviduramr̥tāste bhavanti ||
“'All this world, whatsoever, trembles in breath, sprung forth — a raised thunderbolt, great fear. Who know it become immortal.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.104
भयादस्याग्निस्तपति भयात्तपति सूर्यः । भयादिन्द्रश्च वायुश्च मृत्युर्धावति पञ्चमः ॥
bhayādasyāgnistapati bhayāttapati sūryḥ | bhayādindraśca vāyuśca mr̥tyurdhāvati pañcamḥ ||
“'From fear of it fire burns, from fear the sun shines, from fear Indra and wind, and fifth, death runs.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.105
इह चेदशकद्बोद्धुं प्राक्षरीरस्य विस्रसः । ततः सर्गेषु लोकेषु शरीरत्वाय कल्पते ॥
iha cedaśakadboddhuṃ prākṣarīrasya visrasḥ | tatḥ sargeṣu lokeṣu śarīratvāya kalpate ||
“'If one could not know it before the body's fall, then in created worlds one takes a body again.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.106
यथाऽऽदर्शे तथाऽऽत्मनि यथा स्वप्ने तथा पितृलोके । यथाऽप्सु परीव ददृशे तथा गन्धर्वलोके छायातपयोरिव ब्रह्मलोके ॥
yathā''darśe tathā''tmani yathā svapne tathā pitr̥loke | yathā'psu parīva dadr̥śe tathā gandharvaloke chāyātapayoriva brahmaloke ||
“'As in a mirror, so in the self; as in dream, so in the fathers' world; as seen in water, so in the Gandharva world; as light and shade, so in Brahma-world.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.107
इन्द्रियाणां पृथग्भावमुदयास्तमयौ च यत् । पृथगुत्पद्यमानानां मत्वा धीरो न शोचति ॥
indriyāṇāṃ pr̥thagbhāvamudayāstamayau ca yat | pr̥thagutpadyamānānāṃ matvā dhīro na śocati ||
“'Knowing the senses' apartness, their rise and set, and the birth-apart of each — the wise grieves not.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.108
इन्द्रियेभ्यः परं मनो मनसः सत्त्वमुत्तमम् । सत्त्वादधि महानात्मा महतोऽव्यक्तमुत्तमम् ॥
indriyebhyḥ parṃ mano manasḥ sattvamuttamam | sattvādadhi mahānātmā mahato'vyaktamuttamam ||
“'Beyond senses is mind, beyond mind is spirit's essence, beyond spirit the great Self, beyond the great the Unmanifest.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.109
अव्यक्तात्तु परः पुरुषो व्यापकोऽलिङ्ग एव च । यं ज्ञात्वा मुच्यते जन्तुरमृतत्वं च गच्छति ॥
avyaktāttu parḥ puruṣo vyāpako'liṅga eva ca | yṃ jñātvā mucyate janturamr̥tatvṃ ca gacchati ||
“'Beyond the Unmanifest is the Person, all-pervading, markless; knowing whom, creatures are freed and reach immortality.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.110
न संदृशे तिष्ठति रूपमस्य न चक्षुषा पश्यति कश्चनैनम् । हृदा मनीषा मनसाऽभिक्लृप्तो य एतद्विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥
na sṃdr̥śe tiṣṭhati rūpamasya na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam | hr̥dā manīṣā manasā'bhiklr̥pto ya etadviduramr̥tāste bhavanti ||
“'Its form stands not in sight; none beholds it by eye. By heart, thought and mind conceived — who know it become immortal.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.111
यदा पञ्चावतिष्ठन्ते ज्ञानानि मनसा सह । बुद्धिश्च न विचेष्टते तामाहुः परमां गतिम् ॥
yadā pañcāvatiṣṭhante jñānāni manasā saha | buddhiśca na viceṣṭate tāmāhuḥ paramāṃ gatim ||
“'When the five knowledges rest with mind, and intellect stirs not — that they call the highest course.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.112
तां योगमिति मन्यन्ते स्थिरामिन्द्रियधारणाम् । अप्रमत्तस्तदा भवति योगो हि प्रभवाप्ययौ ॥
tāṃ yogamiti manyante sthirāmindriyadhāraṇām | apramattastadā bhavati yogo hi prabhavāpyayau ||
“'That steady holding of the senses they deem discipline; then one is heedful — for discipline is birth and passing.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.113
नैव वाचा न मनसा प्राप्तुं शक्यो न चक्षुषा । अस्तीति ब्रुवतोऽन्यत्र कथं तदुपलभ्यते ॥
naiva vācā na manasā prāptuṃ śakyo na cakṣuṣā | astīti bruvato'nyatra kathṃ tadupalabhyate ||
“'Not by speech, mind, or sight can it be reached; how is it found except by one who says it is?'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.114
अस्तीत्येवोपलब्धव्यस्तत्त्वभावेन चोभयोः । अस्तीत्येवोपलब्धस्य तत्त्वभावः प्रसीदति ॥
astītyevopalabdhavyastattvabhāvena cobhayoḥ | astītyevopalabdhasya tattvabhāvḥ prasīdati ||
“'It is to be found as being, in truth-state of both; to who has found it as being, its true state grows clear.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.115
यदा सर्वे प्रमुच्यन्ते कामा येऽस्य हृदि श्रिताः । अथ मर्त्योऽमृतो भवत्यत्र ब्रह्म समश्नुते ॥
yadā sarve pramucyante kāmā ye'sya hr̥di śritāḥ | atha martyo'mr̥to bhavatyatra brahma samaśnute ||
“'When all desires that cling to the heart are loosed, then mortal becomes immortal, winning Brahman here.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.116
यदा सर्वे प्रभिद्यन्ते हृदयस्येह ग्रन्थयः । अथ मर्त्योऽमृतो भवत्येतावद्ध्यनुशासनम् ॥
yadā sarve prabhidyante hr̥dayasyeha granthayḥ | atha martyo'mr̥to bhavatyetāvaddhyanuśāsanam ||
“'When all knots of the heart are split here, then mortal becomes immortal — thus far the teaching.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.117
शतं चैका च हृदयस्य नाड्यस्तासां मूर्धानमभिनिःसृतैका । तयोर्ध्वमायन्नमृतत्वमेति विष्वङ्ङन्या उत्क्रमणे भवन्ति ॥
śatṃ caikā ca hr̥dayasya nāḍyastāsāṃ mūrdhānamabhiniḥsr̥taikā | tayordhvamāyannamr̥tatvameti viṣvaṅṅanyā utkramaṇe bhavanti ||
“'A hundred and one are the heart's channels; one of them pierces the crown. Rising by it, one reaches immortality; the rest lead outward in departure.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.118
अङ्गुष्ठमात्रः पुरुषोऽन्तरात्मा सदा जनानां हृदये संनिविष्टः । तं स्वाच्छरीरात्प्रवृहेन्मुञ्जादिवेषीकां धैर्येण । तं विद्याच्छुक्रममृतं तं विद्याच्छुक्रममृतमिति ॥
aṅguṣṭhamātrḥ puruṣo'ntarātmā sadā janānāṃ hr̥daye sṃniviṣṭḥ | tṃ svāccharīrātpravr̥henmuñjādiveṣīkāṃ dhairyeṇa | tṃ vidyācchukramamr̥tṃ tṃ vidyācchukramamr̥tamiti ||
“'The thumb-sized inner Person ever dwells in creatures' hearts; draw him from the body with patience, as a reed from its sheath. Know him pure, immortal — know him pure, immortal.'”
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Major Upaniṣads3.119
मृत्युप्रोक्तां नचिकेतोऽथ लब्ध्वा विद्यामेतां योगविधिं च कृत्स्नम् । ब्रह्मप्राप्तो विरजोऽभूद्विमृत्युरन्योऽप्येवं यो विदध्यात्ममेव ॥
mr̥tyuproktāṃ naciketo'tha labdhvā vidyāmetāṃ yogavidhiṃ ca kr̥tsnam | brahmaprāpto virajo'bhūdvimr̥tyuranyo'pyevṃ yo vidadhyātmameva ||
“'Naciketas, taught by Death, winning this lore and the whole rule of discipline, won Brahman, stainless, deathless; so too any who thus knows the Self.'”
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Major Upaniṣads4.1
ॐ सुकेशा च भारद्वाजः शैब्यश्च सत्यकामः सौर्यायणी च गार्ग्यः कौसल्यश्चाश्वलायनो भार्गवो वैदर्भिः कबन्धी कात्यायनस्ते हैते ब्रह्मपरा ब्रह्मनिष्ठाः परं ब्रह्मान्वेषमाणा एष ह वै तत्सर्वं वक्ष्यतीति ते ह समित्पाणयो भगवन्तं पिप्पलादमुपसन्नाः ॥
ॐ sukeśā ca bhāradvājḥ śaibyaśca satyakāmḥ sauryāyaṇī ca gārgyḥ kausalyaścāśvalāyano bhārgavo vaidarbhiḥ kabandhī kātyāyanaste haite brahmaparā brahmaniṣṭhāḥ parṃ brahmānveṣamāṇā eṣa ha vai tatsarvṃ vakṣyatīti te ha samitpāṇayo bhagavantṃ pippalādamupasannāḥ ||
“Sukeśan, Satyakāma, Gārgya, Kauśalya, Bhārgava and Kabandhin — all devoted to Brahman, seeking the highest — approached the teacher Pippalāda with fuel in hand, sure he would tell them all.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.2
तान्ह स ऋषिरुवाच भूय एव तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण श्रद्धया संवत्सरं संवत्स्यथ यथाकामं प्रश्नान् पृच्छत यदि विज्ञास्यामः सर्वं ह वो वक्ष्याम इति ॥
tānha sa r̥ṣiruvāca bhūya eva tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śraddhayā sṃvatsarṃ sṃvatsyatha yathākāmṃ praśnān pr̥cchata yadi vijñāsyāmḥ sarvṃ ha vo vakṣyāma iti ||
“The sage told them: dwell here a year in austerity, chastity and faith, then ask your questions at will; if I know, I shall tell you all.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.3
अथ कबन्धी कात्यायन उपेत्य पप्रच्छ । भगवन् कुते ह वा इमाः प्रजाः प्रजायन्त इति ॥
atha kabandhī kātyāyana upetya papraccha | bhagavan kute ha vā imāḥ prajāḥ prajāyanta iti ||
“Then Kabandhin Kātyāyana came and asked: 'Sir, whence are these creatures born?'”
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Major Upaniṣads4.4
तस्मै स होवाच प्रजाकामो वै प्रजापतिः स तपोऽतप्यत स तपस्तप्त्वा स मिथुनमुत्पादयते । रयिं च प्राणं चेत्येतौ मे बहुधा प्रजाः करिष्यत इति ॥
tasmai sa hovāca prajākāmo vai prajāpatiḥ sa tapo'tapyata sa tapastaptvā sa mithunamutpādayate | rayiṃ ca prāṇṃ cetyetau me bahudhā prajāḥ kariṣyata iti ||
“To him he said: Prajāpati, desiring offspring, practised fervour and produced the pair — matter (rayi) and breath (prāṇa) — thinking these would make him creatures manifold.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.5
आदित्यो ह वै प्राणो रयिरेव चन्द्रमा रयिर्वा एतत् सर्वं यन्मूर्तं चामूर्तं च तस्मान्मूर्तिरेव रयिः ॥
ādityo ha vai prāṇo rayireva candramā rayirvā etat sarvṃ yanmūrtṃ cāmūrtṃ ca tasmānmūrtireva rayiḥ ||
“The sun is breath, the moon is matter; all this, formed and formless, is matter, so form itself is matter.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.6
अथादित्य उदयन्यत्प्राचीं दिशं प्रविशति तेन प्राच्यान् प्राणान् रश्मिषु सन्निधत्ते । यद्दक्षिणां यत् प्रतीचीं यदुदीचीं यदधो यदूर्ध्वं यदन्तरा दिशो यत् सर्वं प्रकाशयति तेन सर्वान् प्राणान् रश्मिषु सन्निधत्ते ॥
athāditya udayanyatprācīṃ diśṃ praviśati tena prācyān prāṇān raśmiṣu sannidhatte | yaddakṣiṇāṃ yat pratīcīṃ yadudīcīṃ yadadho yadūrdhvṃ yadantarā diśo yat sarvṃ prakāśayati tena sarvān prāṇān raśmiṣu sannidhatte ||
“When the sun rises and enters east, west, south, north, below, above and between, it gathers the eastern and all breaths into its rays.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.7
स एष वैश्वानरो विश्वरूपः प्राणोऽग्निरुदयते । तदेतदृचाऽभ्युक्तम् ॥
sa eṣa vaiśvānaro viśvarūpḥ prāṇo'gnirudayate | tadetadr̥cā'bhyuktam ||
“He is Vaiśvānara, all-formed breath, the rising fire — so a verse declares.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.8
विश्वरूपं हरिणं जातवेदसं परायणं ज्योतिरेकं तपन्तम् । सहस्ररश्मिः शतधा वर्तमानः प्राणः प्रजानामुदयत्येष सूर्यः ॥
viśvarūpṃ hariṇṃ jātavedasṃ parāyaṇṃ jyotirekṃ tapantam | sahasraraśmiḥ śatadhā vartamānḥ prāṇḥ prajānāmudayatyeṣa sūryḥ ||
“'The all-formed golden knower of birth, the one light that burns, thousand-rayed, moving hundredfold — the sun rises as creatures' breath.'”
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Major Upaniṣads4.9
संवत्सरो वै प्रजापतिस्तस्यायने दक्षिणं चोत्तरं च । तद्ये ह वै तदिष्टापूर्ते कृतमित्युपासते ते चान्द्रमसमेव लोकमभिजयन्ते । त एव पुनरावर्तन्ते तस्मादेत ऋषयः प्रजाकामा दक्षिणं प्रतिपद्यन्ते । एष ह वै रयिर्यः पितृयाणः ॥
sṃvatsaro vai prajāpatistasyāyane dakṣiṇṃ cottarṃ ca | tadye ha vai tadiṣṭāpūrte kr̥tamityupāsate te cāndramasameva lokamabhijayante | ta eva punarāvartante tasmādeta r̥ṣayḥ prajākāmā dakṣiṇṃ pratipadyante | eṣa ha vai rayiryḥ pitr̥yāṇḥ ||
“The year is Prajāpati, with southern and northern courses. Worshippers of rites reach the moon-world and return; hence seers desiring offspring take the southern path — the matter that is the fathers' road.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.10
अथोत्तरेण तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण श्रद्धया विद्ययाऽऽत्मानमन्विष्यादित्यमभिजयन्ते । एतद्वै प्राणानामायतनमेतदमृतमभयमेतत् परायणमेतस्मान्न पुनरावर्तन्त इत्येष निरोधस्तदेष श्लोकः ॥
athottareṇa tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śraddhayā vidyayā''tmānamanviṣyādityamabhijayante | etadvai prāṇānāmāyatanametadamr̥tamabhayametat parāyaṇametasmānna punarāvartanta ityeṣa nirodhastadeṣa ślokḥ ||
“By the northern path — austerity, chastity, faith, knowledge — seekers reach the sun, the abode of breaths, the immortal, fearless, supreme goal, whence none return. So runs a verse.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.11
पञ्चपादं पितरं द्वादशाकृतिं दिव आहुः परे अर्धे पुरीषिणम् । अथेमे अन्य उ परे विचक्षणं सप्तचक्रे षडर आहुरर्पितमिति ॥
pañcapādṃ pitarṃ dvādaśākr̥tiṃ diva āhuḥ pare ardhe purīṣiṇam | atheme anya u pare vicakṣaṇṃ saptacakre ṣaḍara āhurarpitamiti ||
“'They call the five-footed father of twelve forms the rich one in heaven's high half; others call the far-seeing one set in the seven-wheeled, six-spoked car.'”
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Major Upaniṣads4.12
मासो वै प्रजापतिस्तस्य कृष्णपक्ष एव रयिः शुक्लः प्राणस्तस्मादेत ऋषयः शुक्ल इष्टं कुर्वन्तीतर इतरस्मिन् ॥
māso vai prajāpatistasya kr̥ṣṇapakṣa eva rayiḥ śuklḥ prāṇastasmādeta r̥ṣayḥ śukla iṣṭṃ kurvantītara itarasmin ||
“The month is Prajāpati: the dark fortnight is matter, the bright is breath; hence seers sacrifice in the bright, others in the dark.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.13
अहोरात्रो वै प्रजापतिस्तस्याहरेव प्राणो रात्रिरेव रयिः प्राणं वा एते प्रस्कन्दन्ति ये दिवा रत्या संयुज्यन्ते ब्रह्मचर्यमेव तद्यद्रात्रौ रत्या संयुज्यन्ते ॥
ahorātro vai prajāpatistasyāhareva prāṇo rātrireva rayiḥ prāṇṃ vā ete praskandanti ye divā ratyā sṃyujyante brahmacaryameva tadyadrātrau ratyā sṃyujyante ||
“Day and night are Prajāpati: day is breath, night matter. Daytime union wastes breath; union by night is chastity indeed.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.14
अन्नं वै प्रजापतिस्ततो ह वै तद्रेतस्तस्मादिमाः प्रजाः प्रजायन्त इति ॥
annṃ vai prajāpatistato ha vai tadretastasmādimāḥ prajāḥ prajāyanta iti ||
“Food is Prajāpati; from it comes seed, and thence these creatures are born.”
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Major Upaniṣads4.15
तद्ये ह वै तत् प्रजापतिव्रतं चरन्ति ते मिथुनमुत्पादयन्ते । तेषामेवैष ब्रह्मलोको येषां तपो ब्रह्मचर्यं येषु सत्यं प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥
tadye ha vai tat prajāpativratṃ caranti te mithunamutpādayante | teṣāmevaiṣa brahmaloko yeṣāṃ tapo brahmacaryṃ yeṣu satyṃ pratiṣṭhitam ||
“Who keep Prajāpati's vow produce a pair; theirs is the Brahma-world — those grounded in austerity, chastity and truth.”
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